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Diesel engine
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====1980s==== * 1981/82: Uniflow scavenging for two-stroke marine diesel engines becomes standard.<ref name="Mau_1984_16" /> * 1982: August, Toyota introduces a microprocessor-controlled [[engine control unit]] (ECU) for Diesel engines to the Japanese market.<ref name="Kawai Miyagi Nakano Kondo 1985 pp. 289–293">{{cite journal | last1=Kawai | first1=Mitsuo | last2=Miyagi | first2=Hideo | last3=Nakano | first3=Jiro | last4=Kondo | first4=Yoshihiko | title=Toyota's New Microprocessor-Based Diesel Engine Control System for Passenger Cars | journal=IEEE Transactions on Industrial Electronics | volume=IE-32 | issue=4 | date=1985 | issn=0278-0046 | doi=10.1109/TIE.1985.350099 | pages=289–293}}</ref> * 1985: December, road testing of a common rail injection system for lorries using a modified 6VD 12,5/12 GRF-E engine in an [[IFA W50]] takes place.<ref name="Diehl_2013_100" /> * 1987: Daimler-Benz introduces the electronically controlled injection pump for lorry diesel engines.<ref name="Tschöke_2018_10" /> * 1988: The [[Fiat Croma]] becomes the first mass-produced passenger car in the world to have a [[#Direct injection|direct injected]] diesel engine.<ref name="Tschöke_2018_10" /> * 1989: The [[Audi 100]] is the first passenger car in the world with a turbocharged, intercooled, direct-injected, and electronically controlled diesel engine.<ref name="Tschöke_2018_10" /> It has a [[BMEP]] of 1.35 MPa and a [[Brake-specific fuel consumption|BSFC]] of 198 g/(kW·h).<ref name="Stock Bauder 1990 p. 87">{{cite conference | last1=Stock | first1=Dieter | last2=Bauder | first2=Richard | title=SAE Technical Paper Series | chapter=The New Audi 5-Cylinder Turbo Diesel Engine: The First Passenger Car Diesel Engine with Second Generation Direct Injection | date=1990-02-01 | volume=1 | doi=10.4271/900648 | page=87}}</ref>
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