Editing March (territory) (section)

==Related concepts==
{{Off topic|date=November 2010}}

===Abbasid Caliphate===
{{Further|Al-'Awasim}}

===Armenia===
The specific [[subdivisions of Armenia]] are each called ''[[Marz (country subdivision)|marz, մարզ]]'' (pl. "marzer, մարզեր"), a loanword from [[Persian language|Persian]].

===The Balkans===
See [[Krajina]] and [[Military Frontier]].

===Byzantine Empire===
{{Further|Akritai|Kleisoura (Byzantine district)}}

===China===
The Chinese concept of March is called ''Fan'' (藩), referring to feudatory domains and petty kingdoms on the borderlands of the empire.

In their initial development during the [[Eastern Zhou|later Zhou dynasty]], the [[commandery (China)|commanderies]] (''jùn'', 郡) functioned as marches, ranking below the [[duke (China)|duke]]s' and [[wang (Chinese title)|king]]s' [[Chinese feudalism|original fiefs]] and below the more secure and populous [[county (China)|counties]] (''xiàn''). As the commanderies formed the front lines between the [[Warring States|major states]], however, their military strength and strategic importance were typically much greater than the counties'. Over time, however, the commanderies were eventually developed into regular provinces and then discontinued entirely during the [[Tang dynasty]] reforms.

===Japan===
{{See also|Han system}} 
The European concept of ''marches'' applies just as well to the fief of [[Matsumae clan]] on the southern tip of Hokkaidō which was at Japan's northern border with the [[Ainu people]] of [[Hokkaidō]], known as [[Ezo]] at the time. In 1590, this land was granted to the Kakizaki clan, who took the name Matsumae from then on. The Lords of Matsumae, as they are sometimes called, were exempt from owing rice to the ''[[shōgun]]'' in tribute, and from the ''[[sankin-kōtai]]'' system established by [[Tokugawa Ieyasu]], under which most lords (''[[daimyō]]s'') had to spend half the year at court (in the capital of [[Edo]]).

By guarding the border, rather than conquering or colonizing Ezo, the Matsumae, in essence, made the majority of the island an Ainu reservation. This also meant that Ezo, and the [[Kurile Islands]] beyond, were left essentially open to Russian colonization. However, the Russians never did colonize Ezo, and the marches were officially eliminated during the [[Meiji Restoration]] in the late 19th century, when the Ainu came under Japanese control, and Ezo was renamed Hokkaidō, and annexed to Japan.

===Persia (Sassanid Empire)===
{{See also|Marzban}}

===Roman Empire===
{{See also|Limes Romanus}}

===Ukraine===
{{See also|Krai|Zasechnaya cherta|Cossacks}}
[[File:Ukraine-Dyke Pole.png|thumb|250px|Map of the [[Wild Fields]] in the 17th century]]
''[[Ukraine]]'', from the Moscow-centric Russian viewpoint,
functioned as a "borderland" or "march" and arguably could have gained its current [[name of Ukraine|name]], which is derived from a Slavic term that can take on the same meaning (see above for similar in Slovenia, etc.), ultimately from this function.{{Citation needed|date=June 2024}} This, though, was merely a continuation of a semi-formal arrangement with the Poles, before escalating feuds, political infighting in Poland, and religious differences (mainly Eastern Orthodox vs. Roman Catholic) saw a loose coalition of Ukrainian lords and independent landowners collectively known as the Cossacks shift to ally with the Russian Empire.

The [[Cossacks]] became a significant part of Russian military history in their role as military border/buffer-troops in the [[Wild Fields]] of Ukraine.  The [[Tatar slave raids in East Slavic lands]] brought considerable devastation and depopulation to this area prior to the rise of the [[Zaporozhian Cossacks]]. As settlement advanced and the borders moved, the Tsars transferred or formed Cossack units to perform similar functions on other borderlands/marches further south and east in (for example) the Kuban and in Siberia, forming (for example) the [[Black Sea Cossack Host]], the [[Kuban Cossacks|Kuban Cossack Host]] and the [[Amur Cossacks|Amur Cossack Host]].