Editing Other Backward Class (section)

== Caste surveys held in Indian states ==

# '''Socio-Economic Survey of Kerala 1968''': In 1968, the Communist government under [[E. M. S. Namboodiripad]] ordered a socio-economic survey of each resident in the state of Kerala, to assess caste inequalities. Until the census of 2011, this survey was the only caste-based count conducted in post-independence India. The survey was not very conclusive, since it merged several unrelated castes into one group (for example, Ambalavasis and Tamil Brahmins were grouped along with Malayali Brahmins). The survey found that individuals belonging to higher castes possessed more land and had relatively higher per capita income as compared to the general population. The survey found that 33% of the state's population was [[forward caste]], almost half of whom were [[Saint Thomas Christians|Syrian Christians]]. According to the survey, 13% of the Brahmins, 6.8% of the [[Syro-Malabar Catholics]], 5.4% of the [[Malankara Orthodox Church|Jacobites]] and 4.7% of the [[Nairs]] owned more than 5 acres of land. This compared with 1.4% of the [[Ezhavas]], 1.9% of the Muslims, and 0.1% of the Scheduled Castes who had that much land in their possession.<ref>{{Cite journal|jstor = 4367366|title = Caste, Class and Economic Opportunity in Kerala: An Empirical Analysis|journal = Economic and Political Weekly|volume = 14|issue = 7/8|pages = 475–480|last1 = Sivanandan|first1 = P|year = 1979}}</ref>
# '''Telangana's Samagra Kutumba Survey 2014''' <small>[published 2022]</small>''':''' The report reveals that [[Telangana|Telangana's]] population of around 36.9 million is distributed among various caste groups. Scheduled Castes (SCs) and Scheduled Tribes (STs) represent approximately 18.48% and 11.74% of the population, respectively. Most of the population belongs to Backward Castes (BCs), making up 51% of the population, although the findings were never made public due to various court cases against it.<ref>{{cite news|url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/hyderabad/tgana-led-caste-census-chorus-with-samagra-kutumba-survey-9-yrs-ago/articleshow/104328891.cms|title=T'gana led caste census chorus with Samagra Kutumba Survey 9 yrs ago|website=[[The Times of India]] |date=11 October 2023 }}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.thenewsminute.com/telangana/telangana-s-new-municipal-act-will-bc-reservation-get-diluted-upcoming-elections-105853|title=Telangana's new Municipal Act: Will BC reservation get diluted in upcoming elections?|first=Charan|last=Teja|date=21 July 2019|website=The News Minute}}</ref> Other castes comprise 16.03%, while religious minorities account for 10.65% of the population.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Telangana Open Data Portal |url=https://data.telangana.gov.in/dataset/integrated-household-survey |access-date=2023-05-11 |website=data.telangana.gov.in |archive-date=2023-05-11 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230511221241/https://data.telangana.gov.in/dataset/integrated-household-survey |url-status=live }}</ref>
# '''Karnataka Caste Census 2015'''<ref>{{Cite news |date=2021-08-21 |title=Karnataka: Key caste census report gathers dust |work=The Times of India |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/bengaluru/karnataka-key-caste-census-report-gathers-dust/articleshow/85507637.cms |access-date=2023-05-11 |issn=0971-8257 |archive-date=2023-05-11 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230511221240/https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/bengaluru/karnataka-key-caste-census-report-gathers-dust/articleshow/85507637.cms |url-status=live }}</ref> <small>[status unknown]</small>: The Social and Educational Survey ordered by then Chief Minister [[Siddaramaiah]] in 2014 to inform Other Backward Classes (OBC) reservations in [[Karnataka]] is yet to be published as of 2023.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.hindustantimes.com/india-news/karnataka-yet-to-make-2015-data-public-as-demand-for-caste-census-rages-101695671164957.html|title=Karnataka yet to make 2015 data public as debate on caste census rages|date=26 September 2023|website=Hindustan Times}}</ref> Initiated by the Karnataka State Commission for Backward Classes, the survey involved 1.6 lakh government employees canvassing around 1.3 crore households, costing the state Rs 169 crore. However, the report remains unpublished despite eight years passing, multiple government tenures, and repeated calls for its release from various political leaders. Controversy surrounds the issue with successive social welfare ministers, including [[H. Anjaneya|H Anjaneya]] and [[Kota Srinivas Poojary|Kota Shrinivas Poojary]], blaming delays on incomplete tabulation and non-submission by the state BC Commission headed by MP Jayaprakash Hegde. Some sources suggest political pressure and potential upheaval in the state's power dynamics, particularly concerning the traditionally dominant [[Lingayatism|Lingayat]] and [[Vokkaliga]] communities, as reasons for the report's non-disclosure.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2023-04-21 |title=Rahul corners BJP over caste census. But where is Cong govt's Karnataka caste data? |url=https://www.thenewsminute.com/article/rahul-corners-bjp-over-caste-census-where-cong-govt-s-karnataka-caste-data-176193 |access-date=2023-05-11 |website=The News Minute |language=en |archive-date=2023-05-11 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230511221240/https://www.thenewsminute.com/article/rahul-corners-bjp-over-caste-census-where-cong-govt-s-karnataka-caste-data-176193 |url-status=live }}</ref> In June 2023, Siddaramaiah-led Congress government in Karnataka has decided to accept the 2015 socio-economic caste survey report, potentially stirring controversy as it reveals that the population of Vokkaligas and Lingayats is lower than commonly believed, with Dalits being the largest demographic group.<ref>{{Cite news |date=2023-06-08 |title=Karnataka government to accept 2015 'caste survey' report: CM Siddaramaiah |work=The Times of India |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/bengaluru/karnataka-government-to-accept-2015-caste-survey-report-karnataka-cm-siddaramaiah/articleshow/100831076.cms |access-date=2023-10-03 |issn=0971-8257}}</ref>
# '''Uttarakhand OBC Survey''' <small>[ongoing]</small>: The ongoing Other Backward Classes (OBC) survey in [[Uttarakhand]] has experienced significant delays and issues with accuracy, leading to intervention by the single-member dedicated commission. Various districts have reported non-compliance with survey guidelines, including instances of reliance on outdated data rather than conducting new door-to-door surveys, as seen in [[Khatima]]. In response, the commission has cancelled the flawed survey, ordering a redo within 15 days, and transferred the officer in charge. Similar corrective measures have been taken in [[Champawat]] and [[Dharchula]]. Despite these efforts, the commission has yet to receive any completed data, not even from [[Dehradun]], and the survey's conclusion has been extended to June 2023.<ref>{{Cite news |date=2023-04-28 |title=Uttarakhand: Inadequacies found with OBC survey, commission takes action |work=The Times of India |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/dehradun/uttarakhand-inadequacies-found-with-obc-survey-commission-takes-action/articleshow/99829084.cms |access-date=2023-05-11 |issn=0971-8257 |archive-date=2023-05-11 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230511221239/https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/dehradun/uttarakhand-inadequacies-found-with-obc-survey-commission-takes-action/articleshow/99829084.cms |url-status=live }}</ref>
# '''Bihar caste-based survey 2022''':<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.hindustantimes.com/india-news/sc-can-t-stop-bihar-from-releasing-more-caste-data-101696616745579.html|title=Can't stop Bihar from releasing more caste-census data: Supreme Court|date=6 October 2023|website=Hindustan Times}}</ref>[[2022 Bihar caste-based survey]] first report was released on 2 October 2023. The report showed that extremely backward classes (EBCs) account for 36.01 percent of the 13.07 crore population of the state.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://indianexpress.com/article/india/bihar-caste-survey-ebc-obc-population-8965116/|title=Bihar puts number to its castes: EBCs at 36%, push OBC count to 63%|date=2 October 2023}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://indianexpress.com/article/political-pulse/with-bihar-caste-survey-how-nitish-kumar-hit-two-targets-in-one-fell-swoop-8965619/|title=With Bihar caste survey, how Nitish Kumar hit two targets in one fell swoop|date=2 October 2023}}</ref> OBCs, EBCs together account for 63% of the total population of Bihar.<ref>{{cite news|url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/india/bihar-caste-census-27-13backward-class-15-52-general-category/articleshow/104103634.cms|title=Bihar caste survey released: OBCs, EBCs together account for 63% of total population|website=[[The Times of India]] |date=3 October 2023 }}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.thenewsminute.com/news/bihar-publishes-caste-survey-report-obcs-ebcs-consist-of-63-of-population|title=Bihar publishes caste survey report, OBCs, EBCs constitute 63% of population|date=2 October 2023|website=The News Minute}}</ref> On 9 November 2023, Bihar Assembly Passed Bill For 65% Caste Quota excluding 10% EWS Quota,<ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.thehindu.com/news/national/other-states/bihar-assembly-passes-bills-to-increase-quota-from-50-per-cent-to-65-per-cent/article67516423.ece|title=Bihar Assembly passes Bills to increase quota from 50% to 65%|website=[[The Hindu]] |date=9 November 2023 |last1=Tewary |first1=Amarnath }}</ref> in government jobs and educational institutions.<ref>{{cite news|url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/patna/chirag-slams-cm-seeking-spl-category-status/articleshow/105304564.cms|title=Chirag slams CM for seeking spl category status|website=[[The Times of India]] |date=18 November 2023 }}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.ndtv.com/india-news/bihar-passes-bill-to-raise-caste-quota-to-65-past-supreme-court-cap-4560310|title=Bihar Assembly Passes Bill For 65% Caste Quota, Past Supreme Court Cap}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.thehindu.com/news/national/other-states/bihar-governor-approves-bill-raising-reservation-quota-from-50-to-65/article67545405.ece|title=Bihar Governor approves Bill raising reservation from 50% to 65%|website=[[The Hindu]] |date=17 November 2023 |last1=Tewary |first1=Amarnath }}</ref> The new reservation quota percentages include 20% for Scheduled Castes, 2% for Scheduled Tribes, 18% for Backward Classes, 25% for Extremely Backward Classes, and 10% for the economically weaker section among the Upper Castes.
# '''Odisha Backward Classes Survey 2023'''<ref>{{Cite news |date=2023-04-25 |title=Odisha cabinet clears ordinance to add 22 communities in SEBC list |work=The Times of India |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/bhubaneswar/odisha-cabinet-clears-ordinance-to-add-22-communities-in-sebc-list/articleshow/99744581.cms |access-date=2023-05-11 |issn=0971-8257 |archive-date=2023-05-11 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230511221240/https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/bhubaneswar/odisha-cabinet-clears-ordinance-to-add-22-communities-in-sebc-list/articleshow/99744581.cms |url-status=live }}</ref> <small>[ongoing]</small>: On May 1, 2023, the [[Odisha]] government initiated a comprehensive survey targeting state notified 211 Socially and Educationally Backward Classes (SEBC), which is expected to conclude by June 29, 2023. Administered across all 314 blocks and 114 urban local bodies of Odisha, the survey is being conducted by the Odisha State Commission for Backward Classes (OSCBC) using both online and offline methods. The survey aims to evaluate social and educational conditions of backwardness, factoring in various indicators such as occupation and educational qualifications. Initially, centers for data submission were established in [[Anganwadi|Anganwadi Kendras]] and various [[Public Distribution System (India)|PDS]] outlets, but later in the special survey drive the door-to-door data collection method was also adopted. The compiled data is expected to be published after five months of survey completion.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2023-05-01 |title=Odisha kicks off survey into conditions of backward classes |url=https://indianexpress.com/article/india/odisha-first-ever-survey-backward-classes-8585972/ |access-date=2023-06-11 |website=The Indian Express |language=en |archive-date=2023-06-11 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230611032819/https://indianexpress.com/article/india/odisha-first-ever-survey-backward-classes-8585972/ |url-status=live }}</ref> It's noteworthy that the survey is being conducted under the OSCBC Act, 1993 and the OSCBC (Amendment) Act, 2020, allowing family heads or senior individuals to provide family data, including [[Ration card (India)|ration card]], [[Aadhaar|Aadhar]] card, or voter identity details.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Mitra |first=Hritika |date=2023-05-01 |title=After Bihar, now Odisha begins OBC survey; process to continue till May 27 |url=https://www.indiatvnews.com/news/india/odisha-begins-obc-survey-process-to-continue-till-may-27-latest-updates-2023-05-01-868337 |access-date=2023-05-11 |website=www.indiatvnews.com |language=en |archive-date=2023-05-11 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230511060502/https://www.indiatvnews.com/news/india/odisha-begins-obc-survey-process-to-continue-till-may-27-latest-updates-2023-05-01-868337 |url-status=live }}</ref>
# '''UP Backward Classes Commission OBC quota report for ULB'''<ref>{{Cite web |title=Court Green Signal To Reservation For Backward Classes In UP Civic Polls |url=https://www.ndtv.com/india-news/supreme-court-green-signal-to-reservation-for-backward-classes-in-up-civic-polls-3898546 |access-date=2023-05-11 |website=NDTV.com |archive-date=2023-05-11 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230511221240/https://www.ndtv.com/india-news/supreme-court-green-signal-to-reservation-for-backward-classes-in-up-civic-polls-3898546 |url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{Cite news |date=2023-04-06 |title=HC asks UP govt to put up OBC quota report for ULB polls online |work=The Times of India |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/lucknow/hc-asks-up-govt-to-put-up-obc-quota-report-for-ulb-polls-online/articleshow/99304096.cms |access-date=2023-05-11 |issn=0971-8257 |archive-date=2023-05-11 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230511221239/https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/lucknow/hc-asks-up-govt-to-put-up-obc-quota-report-for-ulb-polls-online/articleshow/99304096.cms |url-status=live }}</ref><small>[ongoing]</small>: The final report determining quotas for backward classes in urban local body polls is expected to be available by June 2023. The Backward Classes Commission, established on December 28, plans to submit a preliminary report within three months. The commission aims to collect empirical data on backward classes, following Supreme Court and high court guidelines for OBC reservation in civic body elections. The commission's work involves data collection from district officials, studying processes in other states, and addressing objections from political parties.<ref>{{Cite news |date=2023-01-01 |title=UP: Final report on OBC quota in urban local body polls likely by June |work=The Times of India |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/lucknow/up-final-report-on-obc-quotain-urban-local-body-polls-likely-by-june/articleshow/96655395.cms |access-date=2023-10-03 |issn=0971-8257}}</ref>
# '''Haryana Backward Classes Commission Chairman Report'''<ref>{{Cite news |date=2023-05-06 |title=Reservation to Backward classes in Municipal Corporation: HBCC submits report to Haryana CM |work=The Times of India |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/chandigarh/reservation-to-backward-classes-in-municipal-corporation-hbcc-submits-report-to-haryana-cm/articleshow/100039457.cms |access-date=2023-05-11 |issn=0971-8257 |archive-date=2023-05-11 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230511221238/https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/chandigarh/reservation-to-backward-classes-in-municipal-corporation-hbcc-submits-report-to-haryana-cm/articleshow/100039457.cms |url-status=live }}</ref>