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Public–private partnership
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===Water services=== [[File:Sign at the entrance of the Regina Wastewater Treatment Plant.jpg|thumb|Sign at the entrance of the Regina Wastewater Treatment Plant]] After a wave of [[water privatization|privatization of many water services]] in the 1990s, mostly in developing countries, experiences show that global [[water corporation]]s have not brought the promised improvements in [[public water supply|public water]] utilities.<ref name=":5" /> Instead of lower prices, large volumes of investment, and improvements in the connection of the poor to water and sanitation, [[water tariff]]s have increased out of reach of poor households. Water multinationals are withdrawing from developing countries, and the [[World Bank]] is reluctant to provide support.<ref>[http://www.tni.org/article/public-water-services the Water Justice Project] on Transnational Institute</ref> The privatization of the water services of the city of Paris proved to be unwanted, and at the end of 2009 the city did not renew its contract with two of the French water corporations, [[Suez (company, 1997–2008)|Suez]] and [[Veolia Water|Veolia]].<ref>[http://cupe.ca/privatization/paris-water-public-hands Reversal of privatization of Paris' water]. Cupe.ca (2010-02-25). Retrieved on 2011-11-20.</ref><ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20110503225624/http://www.canadians.org/campaignblog/?p=6480 Deputy Mayor of Paris Anne Le Strat tells how Paris put water services back into public hands]. Canadians.org (2011-02-18). Retrieved on 2011-11-20.</ref> After a year of being controlled by the public, it is projected that the water tariff will be cut by between 5% and 10%.<ref>[http://www.globalwaterintel.com/news/2011/2/paris-marks-year-public-water-price-cut.html Water tariff cut]. Globalwaterintel.com (2011-01-13). Retrieved on 2011-11-20.</ref> In the 2010s, as wastewater treatment plants across [[North America]] came of age and needed to be replaced, multiple cities decided to fund the renewal of their water infrastructure through a public–private partnership.<ref name=":0" /> Among those cities were [[Brandenburg, Kentucky]], which was the "first local government in [[Kentucky]] to execute a public–private partnership under legislation passed in 2016",<ref>{{Cite web|title=Brandenburg's wastewater P3 could be Kentucky's first|url=https://buildingkentucky.com/news/brandenburgs-wastewater-p3-could-be-kentuckys-first/|date=2020-02-25|website=Building Kentucky|language=en-US|access-date=2020-05-19}}</ref> and [[Regina, Saskatchewan]], which held a [[2013 Regina wastewater plant referendum|referendum on the plant's funding model]]. The P3 option won out."<ref name=":Regina">{{Cite news|url=https://www.cbc.ca/news/canada/saskatchewan/referendum-results-in-p3-model-to-fund-regina-sewage-plant-1.1867423|title=Referendum results in: P3 model to fund Regina sewage plant|date=September 25, 2013|work=CBC News}}</ref>
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