Editing Transit-oriented development (section)

====United States====

=====Arlington County, Virginia=====
{{Multiple image|direction=vertical|align=right|275px|image1=ArlingtonTODimage3.jpg|caption1=Aerial view of [[Rosslyn-Ballston corridor]] in [[Arlington County, Virginia]]. High density, mixed use development is concentrated within ¼–½ mile from the [[Rosslyn (WMATA station)|Rosslyn]], [[Court House (WMATA station)|Court House]] and [[Clarendon (WMATA station)|Clarendon]] [[Washington Metro]] stations (shown in red), with limited density outside that area.|image2=Ballston TOD.jpg|caption2=Street-level view of the area around the [[Ballston–MU station]], also in Arlington County, Virginia. Note the mixed-use development (from left to right: ground floor [[retail]] under apartment building, office buildings, shopping mall (at the end of the street), apartment building, office building with ground floor retail), [[pedestrian]] oriented facilities including wide sidewalk, and [[bus stop]] facility in the center distance. [[Parking]] in this location is limited, relatively expensive, and located underground.}}
For over 30 years, the government has pursued a [[Urban planning|development strategy]] of concentrating much of its new development within {{convert|1/4|to|1/2|mi|m}} from the county's [[Washington Metro]] [[rapid transit]] stations and the high-volume bus lines of [[Virginia State Route 244|Columbia Pike]].<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.arlingtonva.us/Departments/CPHD/planning/CPHDPlanningSmartGrowth.aspx |title=Smart Growth : Planning Division : Arlington, Virginia |publisher=Arlingtonva.us |date=March 7, 2011 |access-date=November 4, 2011}}</ref> Within the transit areas, the government has a policy of encouraging [[mixed-use development|mixed-use]] and [[Walkability|pedestrian-]] and transit-oriented development.<ref name="arlingtonva.us">{{Cite web |url=http://www.arlingtonva.us/departments/CPHD/planning/powerpoint/rbpresentation/rbpresentation_060107.pdf |title=30 Years of Smart Growth - Arlington County's Experience with Transit Oriented Development in the Rosslyn-Ballston Metro Corridor |access-date=June 8, 2013 |archive-date=September 24, 2011 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110924171835/http://www.arlingtonva.us/departments/CPHD/planning/powerpoint/rbpresentation/rbpresentation_060107.pdf |url-status=dead }}</ref> Some of these "[[urban village]]" communities include [[Rosslyn, Arlington, Virginia|Rosslyn]], [[Ballston, Virginia|Ballston]], [[Clarendon, Arlington, Virginia|Clarendon]], [[Courthouse, Arlington, Virginia|Courthouse]], [[Pentagon City, Arlington, Virginia|Pentagon City]], [[Crystal City, Virginia|Crystal City]], [[Lyon Village, Arlington, Virginia|Lyon Village]], [[Shirlington, Arlington, Virginia|Shirlington]], [[Virginia Square, Virginia|Virginia Square]], and [[Westover, Arlington, Virginia|Westover]].

In 2002, Arlington received the [[United States Environmental Protection Agency|EPA]]'s National Award for Smart Growth Achievement for "Overall Excellence in [[Smart Growth]]" — the first ever granted by the agency.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.epa.gov/smartgrowth/arlington.htm|title=Arlington County, Virginia – National Award for Smart Growth Achievement – 2002 Winners Presentation|publisher=Epa.gov |date=June 28, 2006 |access-date=November 4, 2011}}</ref>

In September 2010, [[Arlington County, Virginia]], in partnership with [[Washington, D.C.]], opened [[Capital Bikeshare]], a [[bicycle sharing system]].<ref name=grist>{{cite web|url=http://www.grist.org/article/2010-09-20-washington-d.c.-launches-the-nations-largest-bike-share-program/|title=Washington, D.C., launches the nation's largest bike share program|author=Matt Martinez|date=September 20, 2010|publisher=[[Grist (magazine)|Grist]]|access-date=April 14, 2011}}</ref><ref name=NYT092010>{{cite news|work=[[The New York Times]]|url=http://green.blogs.nytimes.com/2010/09/20/bike-sharing-expands-in-washington/|title=Bike Sharing Expands in Washington|author=J. David Goodman|date=September 20, 2010|access-date=April 14, 2011}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.myfoxdc.com/dpp/traffic/arlington-joins-dc-in-bike-sharing-program-092010|title=Arlington Joins DC in Bike-Sharing Program|publisher=MyFoxDC.com|date=September 20, 2010|access-date=April 14, 2011}}</ref> By February 2011, Capital Bikeshare had 14 stations in the [[Pentagon City]], [[Potomac Yard]], and [[Crystal City, Virginia|Crystal City]] neighborhoods in Arlington.<ref name=grist/> Arlington County also announced plans to add 30 stations in fall 2011, primarily along the densely populated corridor between the [[Rosslyn, Virginia|Rosslyn]] and [[Ballston, Virginia|Ballston]] neighborhoods, and 30 more in 2012.<ref name=expansion>{{cite web|title=Arlington votes (sort of) to expand CaBi; more places likely to follow|url=http://www.thewashcycle.com/2011/10/arlington-votes-to-add-more-cabi-stations-sort-of.html|work=TheWashCycle|access-date=October 17, 2011}}</ref>

===== New Jersey =====
[[New Jersey]] has become a national leader in promoting [[Transit village#New Jersey_Transit_Village_Initiative|Transit Village]] development through a program known as the [http://www.state.nj.us/transportation/community/village/ Transit Village initiative]. The [[New Jersey Department of Transportation]] established the Transit Village Initiative in 1999, offering multi-agency assistance and grants from the annual $1 million Transit village fund to any municipality with a ready to go project specifying appropriate mixed land-use strategy, available property, station-area management, and commitment to affordable housing, job growth, and culture. Transit village development must also preserve the architectural integrity of historically significant buildings.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Transit Village Initiative Overview, Community Programs |url=https://www.state.nj.us/transportation/community/village/ |access-date=2023-09-17 |website=www.state.nj.us}}</ref> Transit Village districts are defined by the half mile radius surrounding the transit station. To become a Transit Village, towns must meet the following criteria: have existing transit, demonstrate a willingness to grow, adopt a transit-oriented-development redevelopment plan or zoning ordinance, identify specific TOD sites and projects, identify bicycle and pedestrian improvements, and identify "place making" efforts near the transit station, such as community events, celebrations, and other cultural or artistic events.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Criteria and Scoring Guide, Transit Village Initiative, Community Programs |url=https://www.state.nj.us/transportation/community/village/criteria.shtm |access-date=2023-09-17 |website=www.state.nj.us}}</ref>

Since 1999 the state has made 35 Transit Village designations, which are in different stages of development:

[[Pleasantville, New Jersey|Pleasantville]] (1999), [[Morristown, New Jersey|Morristown]] (1999), [[Rutherford, New Jersey|Rutherford]] (1999), [[South Amboy, New Jersey|South Amboy]] (1999), [[South Orange, New Jersey|South Orange]] (1999), [[Riverside Township, New Jersey|Riverside]] (2001), [[Rahway, New Jersey|Rahway]] (2002), [[Metuchen, New Jersey|Metuchen]] (2003), [[Belmar, New Jersey|Belmar]] (2003), [[Bloomfield, New Jersey|Bloomfield]] (2003), [[Bound Brook, New Jersey|Bound Brook]] (2003), [[Collingswood, New Jersey|Collingswood]] (2003), [[Cranford, New Jersey|Cranford]] (2003), [[Matawan, New Jersey|Matawan]] (2003), [[New Brunswick, New Jersey|New Brunswick]] (2005), [[Journal Square, Jersey City|Journal Square/Jersey City]] (2005), [[Netcong, New Jersey|Netcong]] (2005), [[Elizabeth, New Jersey|Elizabeth/Midtown]] (2007), [[Burlington, New Jersey|Burlington City]] (2007), the [[Orange, New Jersey|City of Orange Township]] (2009), [[Montclair, New Jersey|Montclair]] (2010), [[Somerville, New Jersey|Somerville]] (2010), [[Linden, New Jersey|Linden]] (2010), [[West Windsor, New Jersey|West Windsor]] (2012), [[East Orange, New Jersey|East Orange]] (2012), [[Dunellen, New Jersey|Dunellen]] (2012), [[Summit, New Jersey|Summit]] (2013), [[Plainfield, New Jersey|Plainfield]] (2014), [[Park Ridge, New Jersey|Park Ridge]] (2015), [[Irvington, New Jersey|Irvington]] (2015), [[Hackensack, New Jersey|Hackensack]] (2016), [[Long Branch, New Jersey|Long Branch]] (2016), [[Asbury Park, New Jersey|Asbury Park]] (2017), [[Newark, New Jersey|Newark]] (2021), and [[Atlantic City, New Jersey|Atlantic City]] (2023).<ref>{{Cite web |title=Frequently Asked Questions, Transit Village Initiative, Community Programs |url=https://www.state.nj.us/transportation/community/village/faq.shtm |access-date=2023-09-17 |website=www.state.nj.us}}</ref>

[[File:Queensboro Plaza from Astoria Line, September 2018.JPG|thumb|Long Island City, a transit-oriented community with the [[Queensboro Plaza station|Queensboro Plaza]] subway station shown, one of the many subway stations in Long Island City]]

=====New York City=====

Many neighborhoods in New York City are close to a New York City Subway station, this allows easy transport throughout the cities’ neighborhoods and central business districts. To maximize the usage of the New York City Subway, many subway stations are surrounded by transit-oriented development, with high-density residential and commercial buildings surrounding the subway station. Neighborhoods include, but are not limited to, [[Downtown Brooklyn]], [[Midtown Manhattan]], [[Long Island City]], and [[Sunnyside, Queens|Sunnyside]].<ref>{{Cite web|date=2018-01-25|title=NYC Subway Neighborhoods: Which Have Best and Worst Access? {{!}} StreetEasy|url=https://streeteasy.com/blog/nyc-subway-neighborhoods-best-worst-access/|access-date=2021-12-01|website=StreetEasy Blog|language=en-US}}</ref> Many downtowns in the [[New York metropolitan area|Greater New York Area]] also are walkable with a central [[regional rail]] station.

=====Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania=====
The [[East Liberty (Pittsburgh)|East Liberty]] neighborhood is nearing completion of a $150 million Transit Oriented Development centered around the reconfigured East Liberty Station on the city's [[Martin Luther King Jr. East Busway]].<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://triblive.com/news/allegheny/9263121-74/east-liberty-center|title = Welcome}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.post-gazette.com/local/east/2015/01/09/New-platforms-at-East-Liberty-Station-to-open-tomorrow/stories/201501090226|title = New busway platforms at East Liberty Station to open tomorrow}}</ref> The development included improved access to the station with a new pedestrian bridge and pedestrian walkways that increase the effective walkshed of the station. The East Busway is a fixed guideway route that offers riders an 8-minute ride from East Liberty to Pittsburgh's Downtown.

=====Salt Lake City Metro Area, Utah=====
The [[Salt Lake City metropolitan area|Salt Lake City Metro Area]] has seen a strong proliferation of transit-oriented developments due to the construction of new transit lines within the [[Utah Transit Authority]]'s [[TRAX (light rail)|TRAX]], ''[[FrontRunner]]'' and streetcar lines. New developments in [[West Valley City, Utah|West Valley]], [[Farmington, Utah|Farmington]], [[Murray, Utah|Murray]], [[Provo, Utah|Provo]], [[Kaysville, Utah|Kaysville]], [[Sugarhouse (Salt Lake City)|Sugarhouse]] and [[downtown Salt Lake City]] have seen rapid growth and construction despite the economic downturn. The population along the [[Wasatch Front]] has reached 2.5 million and is expected to grow 50% over the next two decades. At 29.8%, Utah's population growth more than doubled the population growth of the nation (13.2%), with a vast majority of this growth occurring along the Wasatch Front.

Transportation infrastructure has been vastly upgraded in the past decade as a result of the [[2002 Olympic Winter Games]] and the need to support the growth in population. This has created a number of transit-oriented commercial and residential projects to be proposed and completed.

=====San Francisco Bay Area, California=====
The [[San Francisco Bay Area]] includes nine counties and 101 cities, including [[San Jose, California|San Jose]], [[San Francisco]], [[Oakland, California|Oakland]] and [[Fremont, California|Fremont]]. Local and regional governments<ref>{{usurped|1=[https://web.archive.org/web/20090607015259/http://www.bayareavision.org/index.html San Francisco Bay Area Vision Project]}}. Bayareavision.org. Retrieved on December 6, 2013.</ref> encourage transit-oriented development to decrease traffic congestion, protect natural areas, promote public health and increase housing options. The region has designated {{usurped|1=[https://web.archive.org/web/20100126212409/http://www.bayareavision.org/pda/ Priority Development Areas]}} and {{usurped|1=[https://web.archive.org/web/20100126212349/http://www.bayareavision.org/pca/ Priority Conservation Areas]}}. Current population forecasts<ref>[http://www.abag.ca.gov/planning/currentfcst/ Projections 2009] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160313081311/http://www.abag.ca.gov/planning/currentfcst/ |date=March 13, 2016 }}. Abag.ca.gov (May 15, 2008). Retrieved on 2013-12-06.</ref> for the region predict that it will grow by 2 million people by 2035 due to both the natural birth rate and job creation, and estimate that 50% of this growth can be accommodated in Priority Development Areas through transit-oriented development.

Major transit village projects have been developed over the past 20 years at several stations linked to the [[Bay Area Rapid Transit]] (BART) system. In their 1996 book, ''Transit Villages in the 21st Century'', [[Michael S. Bernick|Michael Bernick]] and [[Robert Cervero]] identified emerging transit villages at several BART stations, including [[Pleasant Hill / Contra Costa Centre (BART station)|Pleasant Hill / Contra Costa Centre]], [[Fruitvale (BART station)|Fruitvale]], [[Hayward (BART station)|Hayward]] and [[Richmond Station (California)|Richmond]].<ref>{{cite book |last1=Bernick|first1=Michael|last2=Cervero|first2=Robert|title=Transit Villages in the 21st Century |date=1997 |publisher=McGraw Hill |location=New York|isbn=9780070054752}}</ref> [[MacArthur station (BART)|MacArthur Station]] is a relatively new development, with construction beginning in 2011 and scheduled for completion after 2019.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://macarthurstation.com/masterplan.php|title=Master Plan|website=MacArthur Station|access-date=June 2, 2017}}</ref>

=====Chicago=====
Chicago passed its first TOD ordinances in 2013. The city of Chicago started building TODs around rail stations throughout the metropolitan area. There have been concerns that these TODs were excluding minorities since most of the TODs were built in mainly white areas therefore leaving minorities out of the picture when it came to access to transit oriented development neighborhoods.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://nextcity.org/urbanist-news/chicago-hopes-to-center-equity-in-its-transit-oriented-development|title=Chicago Hopes to Center Equity in Its Transit-Oriented Development|website=nextcity.org}}</ref> The 2020 eTOD Policy Plan was created to fix the issues from the previous TOD plans, by creating more TOD developments in minority areas.<ref>{{Cite web|date=2020-09-15|title=Chicago releases first-ever equitable transit-oriented development plan|url=https://chi.streetsblog.org/2020/09/14/city-releases-first-ever-equitable-transit-oriented-development-plan/|access-date=2021-12-08|website=Streetsblog Chicago|language=en-US}}</ref>