Editing Bronchiectasis (section)

=== Antibiotics ===
[[File:Zithromax (Azithromycin) tablets.jpg|thumb|[[Azithromycin]] is a [[macrolide]] commonly used in bronchiectasis.]]

[[Antibiotic]]s are used in bronchiectasis to eradicate [[Pseudomonas aeruginosa|''P. aeruginosa'']] or [[Mrsa|MRSA]], to suppress the burden of chronic bacterial colonization, and to treat exacerbations.<ref name=Mc2013/> The use of daily oral non-macrolide antibiotic treatment has been studied in small case series, but not in randomized trials.<ref name="auto1"/> The role of inhaled antibiotics in non-CF bronchiectasis has recently evolved with two society guidelines and a systematic review suggesting a therapeutic trial of inhaled antibiotics in patients with three or more exacerbations per year and ''P. aeruginosa'' in their sputum.<ref>{{Cite journal|last1=Chang|first1=Anne B.|last2=Bell|first2=Scott C.|last3=Torzillo|first3=Paul J.|last4=King|first4=Paul T.|last5=Maguire|first5=Graeme P.|last6=Byrnes|first6=Catherine A.|last7=Holland|first7=Anne E.|last8=O'Mara|first8=Peter|last9=Grimwood|first9=Keith|last10=extended voting group|date=2015-01-19|title=Chronic suppurative lung disease and bronchiectasis in children and adults in Australia and New Zealand Thoracic Society of Australia and New Zealand guidelines|journal=The Medical Journal of Australia|volume=202|issue=1|pages=21–23|doi=10.5694/mja14.00287 |pmid=25588439|doi-access=free|hdl=10072/132638|hdl-access=free}}</ref><ref>{{Cite journal|last1=Brodt|first1=Alessandra Monteiro|last2=Stovold|first2=Elizabeth|last3=Zhang|first3=Linjie|date=August 2014|title=Inhaled antibiotics for stable non-cystic fibrosis bronchiectasis: a systematic review|journal=The European Respiratory Journal|volume=44|issue=2|pages=382–393|doi=10.1183/09031936.00018414 |pmid=24925920|doi-access=free}}</ref> Options for inhaled antibiotics include aerosolized [[tobramycin]], inhaled [[ciprofloxacin]], aerosolized [[aztreonam]], and aerosolized [[colistin]].<ref name=":02" /> However, there arises a problem with inhaled antibiotic treatments, such as ciprofloxacin, of staying in the desired area of the infected lung tissues for sufficient time to provide optimal treatment.<ref name="ReferenceA">{{Cite journal |last1=Almurshedi |first1=Alanood S. |last2=Aljunaidel |first2=Hessah A. |last3=Alquadeib |first3=Bushra |last4=Aldosari |first4=Basmah N. |last5=Alfagih |first5=Iman M. |last6=Almarshidy |first6=Salma S. |last7=Eltahir |first7=Eram KD |last8=Mohamoud |first8=Amany Z. |date=2021-03-25 |title=Development of Inhalable Nanostructured Lipid Carriers for Ciprofloxacin for Noncystic Fibrosis Bronchiectasis Treatment |journal=International Journal of Nanomedicine |language=English |volume=16 |pages=2405–2417 |doi=10.2147/IJN.S286896 |pmc=8012696 |pmid=33814907 |doi-access=free }}</ref> To combat this and prolong the amount of time the antibiotic spends in the lung tissue, current study trials have moved to develop inhalable nanostructured lipid carriers for the antibiotics.<ref name="ReferenceA"/>