Editing Composting toilet (section)

=== Slow composting (or moldering) toilets ===
Most composting toilets use slow composting which is also called "cold composting". The compost heap is built up step by step over time.

The finished end product from "slow" composting toilets ("moldering toilets" or "moldering privies" in the US), is generally not free of pathogens. [[World Health Organization]] Guidelines from 2006 offer a framework for safe [[reuse of excreta|reuse of waste]], using a multiple barrier approach.<ref name=":2">WHO (2006). [http://www.susana.org/en/resources/library/details/1004 WHO Guidelines for the Safe Use of Wastewater, Excreta and Greywater - Volume IV: Excreta and greywater use in agriculture]. World Health Organization (WHO), Geneva, Switzerland</ref>

Slow composting toilets employ a passive approach. Common applications involve modest and often seasonal use, such as  remote trail networks. They are typically designed such that the materials deposited can be isolated from the operational part. The toilet can also be closed to allow further mesophilic composting.<ref name="Alppal">Appalachian Trail Conservancy (2014). [http://www.susana.org/en/resources/library/details/2130 Backcountry Sanitation Manual, 2nd Edition]. Appalachian Trail Conservancy, Green Mountain Club, USDA Forest Service, National Park Service, USA</ref> Slow composting toilets rely on long retention times for pathogen reduction and for decomposition of waste or on the combination of time and/or the addition of [[Eisenia fetida|red wiggler worms]] for vermi-composting. Worms can be introduced to accelerate composting. Some jurisdictions of the US consider these worms as [[invasive species]].<ref name=":2" />