Editing Dacian language (section)

====1st century BC====
In 53&nbsp;BC, [[Julius Caesar]] stated that the lands of the Dacians started on the eastern edge of the Hercynian Forest.{{sfn|Mountain|1998|p=59}} This corresponds to the period between 82 and 44&nbsp;BC, when the Dacian state reached its widest extent during the reign of King [[Burebista]]: in the west it may have extended as far as the middle Danube River valley in present-day Hungary, in the east and north to the Carpathians in present-day Slovakia and in the south to the lower Dniester valley in present-day south-western Ukraine and the western coast of the Black Sea as far as Appollonia.{{sfn|Magocsi|Pop|2002|p=71}} At that time, some scholars believe, the Dacians built a series of hill-forts at [[Zemplín (region)|Zemplin]] (Slovakia), [[Mala Kopania]] (Ukraine), [[Oncești, Maramureș]] (Romania) and [[Solotvyno]] (Ukraine).{{sfn|Magocsi|Pop|2002|p=71}} The [[Zemplín (region)|Zemplin]] settlement appears to belong to a Celto-Dacian horizon, as well as the river ''Patissus'' (Tisa)'s region, including its upper stretch, according to Shchukin (1989).{{sfn|Shchukin|1989|p=347}} According to Parducz (1956) Foltiny (1966), Dacian archaeological finds extend to the west of Dacia, and occur along both banks of the Tisza.{{sfn|Ehrich|1970|p=228}} Besides the possible incorporation of a part of Slovakia into the Dacian state of Burebista, there was also Geto-Dacian penetration of south-eastern Poland, according to Mielczarek (1989).{{sfn|Mielczarek|1989|p=121}} The Polish linguist [[Milewski|Milewski Tadeusz]] (1966 and 1969) suggests that in the southern regions of Poland appear names that are unusual in northern Poland, possibly related to Dacian or Illyrian names.{{sfn|Milewski|1969|p=304}}{{sfn|Antoniewicz|1966|p=12}} On the grounds of these names, it has been argued that the region of the Carpathian and Tatra Mountains was inhabited by Dacian tribes linguistically related to the ancestors of modern Albanians.{{sfn|Milewski|1969|p=306}}{{sfn|Antoniewicz|1966|p=12}}

Also, a formal statement by Pliny indicated the river [[Vistula river|Vistula]] as the western boundary of Dacia, according to Nicolet (1991).{{sfn|Nicolet|1991|p=109}} Between the Prut and the Dniester, the northern extent of the appearance of Geto-Dacian elements in the 4th century BC coincides roughly with the extent of the present-day Republic of Moldova, according to Mielczarek.{{sfn|Mielczarek|1989|p=13}}

According to [[Karl Müllenhoff|Müllenhoff]] (1856), Schütte (1917), Urbańczyk (2001) and Matei-Popescu (2007), [[Marcus Vipsanius Agrippa|Agrippa]]'s commentaries mention the river Vistula as the western boundary of Dacia.{{sfn|Urbańczyk|2001|p=510}}{{sfn|Müllenhoff|1856|p=19}}{{efn|{{harvnb|Schütte|1917|p=87}}: "The Romans knew the dimensions of Dacia, as it is stated by Agrippa (c. 63 BC&nbsp;– 12 BC) in his Commentaries: 'Dacia, Getica finiuntur ab oriente desertis Sarmatiae, ab occidente flumine Vistula, a septentrione Oceano, a meridie flumine Histro. quae patent in longitudine milia passuum CCLXXX, in latitudine qua cognitum est milia passuura CCCLXXXVI'"}} Urbańczyk (1997) speculates that according to Agrippa's commentaries, and the map of Agrippa (before 12&nbsp;BC), the Vistula river separated Germania and Dacia.{{sfn|Urbańczyk|1997|p=13}} This map is lost and its contents are unknown{{efn|See one possible reconstruction: {{harv|livius: Image}}}} However, later Roman geographers, including [[Ptolemy]] (AD 90&nbsp;– c. AD 168) (II.10, III.7) and Tacitus (AD 56&nbsp;– AD 117){{sfn|Tacitus|p=46}} considered the Vistula as the boundary between Germania and Sarmatia Europaea, or Germania and Scythia.{{sfn|Urbańczyk|2001|p=510}}