Editing Dress code (section)

==Education system ==
{{Overly detailed|section|date=September 2019}}
Many schools around the world implement dress codes in the school system to prevent students from wearing inappropriate clothing items to school and was thought to help influence a safer and more professional environment.

=== United States education ===
In 1996, former U.S. President [[Bill Clinton]] announced his support for the idea of [[school uniform]]s by stating, "School uniforms are one step that may help break the cycle of violence, truancy and disorder by helping young students understand what really counts is what kind of people they are." Many [[school district]]s in the United States took up the idea.<ref>{{cite web|last=Bowen|first=Sherry|title=Should Kids Wear School Uniforms?|url=http://www.eduguide.org/article/should-kids-wear-school-uniforms|publisher=EduGuide|access-date=September 22, 2013}}</ref> In all, 70 schools--comprising around 60,000 students--switched to school uniforms.<ref name=":8">{{Cite journal|last1=Firmin|first1=Michael|last2=Smith|first2=Suzanne|last3=Perry|first3=Lynsey|date=2006|title=School Uniforms: A Qualitative Analysis of Aims and Accomplishments at Two Christian Schools|id={{ProQuest|594820094}}|
journal=Journal of Research on Christian Education|volume= 15|issue= 2|pages= 143–168
|doi=10.1080/10656210609485000|s2cid=144932641}}</ref>

School uniforms have been used with several schools to teach students how to dress appropriately, and in cases it has worked, and has decreased distractions in the educational systems.<ref name=":8" /> School uniforms also have several other purposes: they are used to create [[conformity]] to [[social norms]], increase [[school spirit]], reduce peer [[bullying]], and prevent discrimination based upon [[socioeconomic class]].

One common criticism of school dress codes in the U.S. is that they infringe on students' right to self-expression. There have been many court cases regarding school dress code, the first being ''[[Tinker v. Des Moines Independent Community School District]]'', which involved students wearing black [[armband]]s to protest the Vietnam war.<ref>{{Cite news|url=http://education.findlaw.com/student-rights/school-dress-codes.html|title=School Dress Codes - FindLaw|work=Findlaw|access-date=2017-12-08}}</ref>

Within the educational system, the Federation supports professional dress code standards for all teachers.<ref name=":6">{{Cite journal|last=Hills|first=Surry|date=April 7, 2014|title=Response to dress code|id={{ProQuest|1519605424}}|
journal=Education|volume= 95|issue= 3|page=8
}}</ref>

====Dress code violations====
"Communicative" dress code violations are violations where the clothing has implications of hate, violence, gang-affiliation, etc.<ref name="Herbon, Beth 2000">Herbon, Beth, and Jane E. Workman. "Dress and Appearance Codes in Public Secondary School Handbooks." Journal of Family & Consumer Sciences 92.5 (2000): 68-76.</ref> In cases where dress code rules in public school systems have been violated by non-communicative clothing, courts repeatedly legitimise dress code discrimination based on [[gender]].<ref name="Smith, Natalie 2012">Smith, Natalie. "Eliminating Gender Stereotypes in Public School Dress Codes: The Necessity of Respecting Personal Preference." ''Journal of Law & Education''; 41.1 (2012): 251-60.</ref> Amongst the [[transgender]] populations, gender based dress codes are primarily enforced against individuals who do not yet [[Passing (gender)|pass]].<ref name="Smith, Natalie 2012" />

Violation of dress codes have become a subject of school protests, such as at a high school in Toronto, which had a protest after a student was disciplined for wearing a crop top.<ref>{{cite web | last=Casey | first=Liam | title=Toronto students sport crop tops in protest of dress code | website=CTVNews | date=May 26, 2015 | url=https://www.ctvnews.ca/canada/toronto-students-sport-crop-tops-in-protest-of-dress-code-1.2391992 | access-date=November 23, 2021}}</ref> Students at multiple schools have protested gender discrimination in the application of dress codes.<ref>{{cite web | last=McGowan | first=Emma | title=Meet the Teenage Girls Who Are Taking a Stand Against Slut-Shaming Dress Codes | website=Mic | date=September 1, 2015 | url=https://www.mic.com/articles/126179/meet-the-teenage-girls-who-are-taking-a-stand-against-slut-shaming-dress-codes | access-date=November 23, 2021}}</ref>

==== Dress code backlash ====
Certain dress code restrictions in schools across North America have been accused of perpetuating sexist standards. In March 2014, a group of middle-school girls from Evanston, Illinois, protested their school's dress code, which prohibited them from wearing leggings to school under the pretense that it was "too distracting for boys." Thirteen-year-old student Sophie Hasty was quoted in the ''Evanston Review'' saying that "not being able to wear leggings because it's 'too distracting for boys' is giving us the impression we should be guilty for what guys do." In a ''[[Time (magazine)|Time]]'' magazine article covering the incident, Eliana Dockterman argued that teachers and administration in these schools are "walking the fine line between enforcing a dress code and slut shaming."<ref>{{cite magazine|url=https://time.com/36997/when-enforcing-school-dress-codes-turns-into-slut-shaming/|title=When Enforcing School Dress Codes Turns Into Slut Shaming|last=Dockterman|first=Eliana|magazine=[[Time (magazine)|Time]] |access-date=2015-11-16}}</ref>

School dress codes seem to also be gender-biased towards young girls. The research article, "Objectification Study on High School Girls" conducted interviews with middle school girls, one of them describing, "If they're [boys] wearing a sleeveless basketball jersey, it doesn't fully cover their shoulders. They don't usually get called out for that. Guys are not the ones that they're looking out for. So they dress code girls, so guys don't get distracted. But they don't think that girls are going to get distracted by guys' shoulders.<ref>{{Cite journal |last1=Lim |first1=Heejin |last2=Lennon |first2=Sharron |last3=Jones |first3=Domenique |date=2021-11-17 |title=Objectification Found in High School Girls' Experience With Dress Code Enforcement |url=http://journals.sagepub.com/doi/10.1177/0887302X211058434 |journal=Clothing and Textiles Research Journal |volume=42 |issue=2 |language=en |pages=103–120 |doi=10.1177/0887302X211058434 |s2cid=244394673 |issn=0887-302X|url-access=subscription }}</ref>" 

On Monday, September 22, 2014, "about 100 pupils walked out of Bingham high school in South Jordan, Utah"<ref name="Carroll">{{cite web|url=https://www.theguardian.com/education/2014/sep/24/us-high-schools-dress-codes-protest-sexism-hemline|title=Students protest 'slut shaming' high school dress codes with mass walkouts|last1=Carroll|first1=Rory|website=The Guardian|date=24 September 2014 |access-date=8 December 2014}}</ref> after more than a dozen girls were turned away from a [[homecoming dance]] for wearing dresses which violated the dress code.<ref name="Carroll" /> "School staff allegedly lined up girls against a wall as they arrived and banished about two dozen for having dresses which purportedly showed too much skin and violated the rules." It is believed that this act was awkward and humiliating towards the female students, which spawned the walkouts.<ref name="Carroll" />

In August 2021, one student's mother criticized her daughter's school for continuing to enforce clothing restrictions on girls while allowing students to opt out of mask-wearing during the [[COVID-19 pandemic]].<ref>{{cite news |last1=Hall |first1=Louise |title=Mom praised for calling out double standard of schools not enforcing masks but 'misogynistic' dress code |url=https://www.independent.co.uk/news/world/americas/schools-masks-clothing-mother-girls-coronavirus-b1902378.html |work=The Independent |date=13 August 2021 |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |last1=West |first1=Phil |title=Mom calls out school's double standard in letting masks be optional but making girls adhere to 'misogynistic' dress code |url=https://www.dailydot.com/debug/mom-hamilton-county-schools-board-letter-masks-dress-code/ |work=The Daily Dot |date=13 August 2021}}</ref>

There have been several issues with dress code backlash happening to several students, such as a 15-year-old girl who attended Edmonton High school, she was banned from attending her school due to dying her hair blue, this resulted in the girl suing her principal for discrimination.<ref name=":7">{{Cite journal |last=Pomertanz|first=Shauna|date=2007|title=Cleavage in a Tank Top: Bodily Prohibition and the Discourses of School Dress Codes|id={{ProQuest|228639180}} |journal= Alberta Journal of Educational Research|volume= 53|issue= 4|pages= 373–386}}</ref> In another case, a 16-year-old girl was sent home because she refused to take her eyebrow ring out.<ref name=":7" />

=== Canadian education ===

==== Dress code backlash ====
A Canadian teenager, Lauren Wiggins, was given detention in May 2015 for wearing a floor-length dress with a halter neckline. The punishment prompted Wiggins to write an open letter to the school's assistant vice principal at Harrison Trimble High School in Moncton, New Brunswick. In the letter, Wiggins concentrated specifically on the fact that females are often blamed for the behaviour of males, saying that if a boy "will get distracted by my upper back and shoulders then he needs to be sent home and practice self-control." She was then given a one-day suspension after writing and submitting the letter.<ref name=":7" />

In Ontario, Canada, there were a few backlash incidents that occurred which consisted of girls being sent home due to wearing shorts that were too short.<ref name=":7" /> The other case happened in British Columbia where students were directed to wear clothes that were in good taste, and clothing that displayed a business look.<ref name=":7" /> Another case that took place in British Columbia was a young women got sent home from her high school, because her principal stated that her shirt was inappropriate due to the show of too much cleavage.<ref name=":7" /> These are a few of the many cases that have resulted in a backlash against dress codes.

===Academic dress===
{{main|Academic dress}}
{{see also|Burgon Society|Groves classification system}}
[[File:King's College London academic dress designed by Vivienne Westwood.jpg|thumb|[[Academic dress of King's College London]] in different colours, designed and presented by fashion designer [[Vivienne Westwood]]]]

Academic dress is a traditional form of [[clothing]] for [[academia|academic]] settings, mainly [[tertiary education|tertiary]] (and sometimes [[secondary schools|secondary]]) education, worn mainly by those who have obtained a [[university degree]], or hold a status that entitles them to assume them (e.g., undergraduate students at certain old universities).<ref>[[George Shaw (academic dress scholar)|Shaw, George W.]] (1995), ''Academical Dress of British and Irish Universities''. Chichlester: Philmore & Co. Ltd. {{ISBN|0-85033-974-X}} p. 3.</ref> It is also known as academical dress,<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.reocities.com/noelcox/Introduction.htm|title=Cox, N. (2000). Academical dress in New Zealand.|access-date=12 March 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151114024604/http://www.reocities.com/noelcox/Introduction.htm|archive-date=14 November 2015|url-status=dead}}</ref> or academic regalia.