Editing Freedom to roam (section)

====Italy====
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In Italy there is not a general right to roam: this was established by jurisprudence in 1999 (Cassazione civile, sez. III, 27/08/1999, n. 8997). Privately-owned land is not accessible when marked as such, while access to publicly-owned land is generally free. Berries and mushrooms can be picked on publicly-owned land but may be restricted in quantity/species and/or subjected to a fee, according to regional laws.
 
[[File:Privatisation beaches italy 2021.svg|thumb|The privatisation of beaches in Italy, 2021]]
It can be estimated that only half of the country's beaches are freely accessible and usable for bathing. In fact, almost 43% of the Italian sandy coastline is occupied by bathing establishments, while 7.2% is polluted or not monitored. 
The situation varies from region to region; although the European Union has been asking Italy for years to have more free beaches, the number of free beaches has declined.{{as of when|date=May 2024}}