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July Monarchy
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===Short-lived governments (July 1834 – February 1835)=== Thiers and Guizot, who dominated the triumvirate, decided to get rid of Marshal Soult, who was appreciated by the king for his compliant attitude. Seizing the opportunity of an incident concerning the [[French rule in Algeria|French possessions in Algeria]], they pushed {{lang|fr|Soult|italic=no}} to resign on 18 July 1834. He was replaced by [[Marshal Gérard|Marshal {{lang|fr|Gérard|italic=no|nocat=y}}]], with the other ministers remaining in place. {{lang|fr|Gérard|italic=no}} however, was forced to resign in turn, on 29 October 1834, over the question of an amnesty for the 2,000 prisoners detained in April. {{lang|fr|Louis-Philippe|italic=no}}, the {{lang|fr|[[Doctrinaires]]}} (including {{lang|fr|Guizot|italic=no}} and {{lang|fr|Thiers|italic=no}}) and the core of the government opposed the amnesty, but the {{lang|fr|Tiers-Parti}} managed to convince {{lang|fr|Gérard|italic=no}} to announce it, underscoring the logistical difficulties in organizing such a large trial before the Chamber of Peers. {{lang|fr|Gérard|italic=no}}'s resignation opened up a four-month ministerial crisis, until {{lang|fr|Louis-Philippe|italic=no}} finally assembled a government entirely from the {{lang|fr|Tiers-Parti}}. However, after {{lang|fr|André Dupin|italic=no}}'s refusal to assume its presidency, the king made the mistake of calling, on 10 November 1834, a figure from the First Empire, the {{lang|fr|[[duc de Bassano]]|italic=no}}, to head his government. The latter, crippled with debts, became the object of public ridicule after his creditors decided to seize his ministerial salary. Alarmed, all the ministers decided to resign, three days later, without even advising {{lang|fr|Bassano|italic=no}}, whose government became known as the "Three Days Ministry". On 18 November 1834, {{lang|fr|Louis-Philippe|italic=no}} called [[Marshal Mortier|Marshal {{lang|fr|Mortier|italic=no|nocat=yes}}]], Duke of {{lang|fr|Trévise|italic=no}}, to the Presidency, and the latter formed exactly the same government as {{lang|fr|Bassano|italic=no}}. This crisis made the {{lang|fr|Tiers-Parti}} ridiculous while the {{lang|fr|Doctrinaires}} triumphed. On 1 December 1834, {{lang|fr|Mortier|italic=no}}'s government decided to submit a [[motion of confidence]] to the Parliament, obtaining a clear majority (184 votes to 117). Despite this, {{lang|fr|Mortier|italic=no}} had to resign two months later, on 20 February 1835, officially for health reasons. The opposition had denounced a government without a leader, accusing {{lang|fr|Mortier|italic=no}} of being {{lang|fr|Louis-Philippe|italic=no}}'s puppet. The same phrase that {{lang|fr|Thiers|italic=no}} had spoken in opposition to [[Charles X of France|Charles X]], "the king reigns but does not rule" ({{lang|fr|le roi règne mais ne gouverne pas}}), was now addressed to the "Citizen King".
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