Editing Lockheed C-5 Galaxy (section)

===Notable accidents===
* On 27 May 1970, C-5A AF Serial No. 67-0172 was destroyed during a ground fire at [[Palmdale, California]], after an Air Turbine Motor started backwards and quickly overheated, setting the hydraulic system on fire and consuming the aircraft. The engines were not running at the time of the fire. Five crew escaped, and seven firefighters suffered minor injuries fighting the blaze.<ref>''San Bernardino Sun'', 28 May 1970.</ref><ref name="AF2006">[https://www.af.mil/News/Article-Display/Article/131428/c-5-crash-doesnt-diminish-historians-view-of-aircraft/ "C-5 crash doesn't diminish historian's view of aircraft."] ''US Air Force'', 4 April 2006.</ref>
* On 17 October 1970, C-5A AF Serial No. 66-8303 was destroyed during a ground fire at the Lockheed Aircraft plant at [[Dobbins Air Reserve Base|Dobbins AFB]] in Marietta, Georgia. The fire started during maintenance in one of the aircraft's 12 fuel cells. One worker was killed and another injured. This was the first C-5 aircraft produced.<ref name="AF2006"/><ref>{{cite news |date=18 October 1970 |title=Halt to C5 Program Sought After $50 Million Blaze |url=https://news.google.com/newspapers?id=uApaAAAAIBAJ&sjid=ZksNAAAAIBAJ&pg=5650%2C2926835 |work=[[The Victoria Advocate]] |issue=165 |agency=[[Associated Press]] |page=16A |access-date=23 September 2024 |via=[[Google News Archive]] }}</ref>
* On 27 September 1974, C-5A Serial No. 68-0227 crashed after over-running the runway at [[Clinton, Oklahoma]], Municipal Airport during an emergency landing following a serious landing gear fire. The crew mistakenly aligned the aircraft for the visual approach into the wrong airport, landing at Clinton Municipal Airport, which has a {{convert|4400|ft|m|abbr=on}} runway, instead of the airfield at [[Clinton-Sherman Industrial Airpark]] (former [[Clinton-Sherman Air Force Base]]), which has a {{convert|13500|ft|m|abbr=on}} runway. This was the first operational loss of a C-5 Galaxy.<ref name="AF2006"/>
* On 4 April 1975, C-5A Serial No.68-0218 [[1975 Tân Sơn Nhứt C-5 accident|crashed]] while carrying orphans out of [[Vietnam]] during [[Operation Babylift]]. This accident is one of the most notorious C-5 accidents to date.<ref name='viet accid'>{{cite news |date=4 April 1975 |title=Orphan Plane Crashes |url=https://news.google.com/newspapers?nid=PZE8UkGerEcC&dat=19750404&printsec=frontpage |work=[[The Evening Independent]] |issue=131 |agency=[[Associated Press]] |page=1A |access-date=23 September 2024 |via=[[Google News Archive]] }}</ref> The crash occurred while trying to make an emergency landing at [[Tan Son Nhut Air Base]], [[Ho Chi Minh City|Saigon]], following a rear pressure door lock failure in flight.<ref name="AF2006"/><ref>{{cite news |date=4 April 1975 |title=305 aboard giant craft; 100 survive |url=https://news.google.com/newspapers?id=BBIQAAAAIBAJ&sjid=04wDAAAAIBAJ&pg=6029%2C4736760 |work=[[Boca Raton News]] |issue=106 |agency=[[United Press International]] |pages=1A–2A |access-date=23 September 2024 |via=[[Google News Archive]] }}</ref> 144 people (including 78 children) were killed out of the 313 aboard (243 children, 44 escorts, 16 flight crew and 10 medical crew).<ref name=babyliftrevisited>{{Cite web|url=https://babyliftrevisited.typepad.com/babylift_revisited/2006/07/the_crew_of_the.html|title=THE CREW OF THE C-5|website=Babylift revisited}}</ref> Use of the C-5 was heavily restricted for several months following the high-profile accident.<ref>[https://select.nytimes.com/gst/abstract.html?res=FA0B15F93F55157493C0A8178FD85F418785F9 "Airforce imposes curbs on C-5 use."] ''The New York Times'', 12 April 1975.</ref>
* On 31 July 1983, C-5A Serial No. 70-0446 crashed while landing at the former [[Shemya Air Force Base]] on [[Shemya]] Island in [[Alaska]]. The C-5 approached below the glide slope in heavy fog, hit landing light poles and an embankment short of the runway, stopping at the 5,000-foot mark on the runway with the nose gear at the side of the runway embankment. Structural damage was extensive and the two aft main landing gear bogies were sheared from the aircraft. There were no fatalities. A joint USAF–Lockheed team made repairs, enabling a ferry flight from Shemya to the Lockheed plant in Marietta, Georgia, later that year. There, the aircraft was dubbed ''Phoenix II'' and permanent repair efforts got under way. In addition to the structural repairs, the aircraft also received an improved landing gear system (common to the then-new C-5B), wing modification, and a color weather radar upgrade. The aircraft was returned to service.<ref name="Lippincott_p35">Lippincott 2006, p. 35.</ref>
* In July 1983, C-5A Serial No. 68-0216 landed [[Belly landing|gear up]] at [[Travis Air Force Base]], California. There were no injuries. The accident occurred while the crew was performing touch-and-go landings, and did not lower the landing gear during the final approach of the day. The aircraft received significant damage to the lower fuselage, ramp, clamshell doors, and main landing gear pods. The C-5A was later flown to Marietta for repairs. While there, the aircraft was selected to be the first C-5A converted to the C-5C configuration.<ref name="Lippincott_p28">Lippincott 2006, p. 28.</ref>
* On 29 August 1990, C-5A Serial No. 68-0228 crashed following an engine failure shortly after take-off. The aircraft took off from [[Ramstein Air Base]] in Germany in support of [[Gulf War#Operation Desert Shield|Operation Desert Shield]]. It was flown by a nine-member reserve crew from the [[68th Airlift Squadron]], [[433d Airlift Wing]] based at [[Kelly Field Annex|Kelly AFB]], Texas.<ref>[http://nl.newsbank.com/nl-search/we/Archives?p_product=AASB&p_theme=aasb&p_action=search&p_maxdocs=200&p_topdoc=1&p_text_direct-0=0EAD8B8D41D0425E&p_field_direct-0=document_id&p_perpage=10&p_sort=YMD_date:D&s_trackval=GooglePM "San Antonio air base mourns reservists killed in C-5 crash."] ''Austin American-Statesman'', 30 August 1990.</ref> As the aircraft started to climb off the runway, one of the [[Thrust reversal|thrust reversers]] suddenly deployed. This resulted in loss of control of the aircraft and the subsequent crash. Of the 17 people on board, only four survived the crash.<ref>[http://nl.newsbank.com/nl-search/we/Archives?p_product=NewsLibrary&p_multi=DSNB&d_place=DSNB&p_theme=newslibrary2&p_action=search&p_maxdocs=200&p_topdoc=1&p_text_direct-0=0F35FDF935E4EA6A&p_field_direct-0=document_id&p_perpage=10&p_sort=YMD_date:D&s_trackval=GooglePM "U.S. plane crashes, killing 13."] ''Deseret News'', 29 August 1990.</ref> All four were in the rear troop compartment. The sole crew member to survive, Staff Sgt. Lorenzo Galvan Jr., was awarded the [[Airman's Medal]] for his actions in evacuating the survivors from the wreckage.<ref name="AF2006"/>
* On 3 April 2006, C-5B Serial No. 84-0059 crashed following a cockpit indication that the thrust reverser on No. 2 engine was not locked. The crew shut down No. 2 engine as a safeguard. The C-5B assigned to the [[436th Airlift Wing]] and flown by a reserve crew from the [[709th Airlift Squadron]], [[512th Airlift Wing]] crashed about {{convert|2000|ft|m|abbr=on}} short of the runway while attempting a heavyweight emergency landing at [[Dover Air Force Base]], [[Delaware]]. The aircraft had taken off from Dover 21 minutes earlier and reported an in-flight emergency ten minutes into the flight. All 17 people aboard survived, but two sustained serious injuries. The Air Force's accident investigation board report concluded the cause to be human error, in particular the crew had been manipulating the throttle of the (dead) number-two engine as if it were still running while keeping the (live) number-three engine at idle. The situation was further worsened by the crew's decision to use a high flap setting that increased drag beyond normal two-engine capabilities.<ref>[https://www.dover.af.mil/News/story/storyID/123022236/ "C-5 accident investigation board complete."]  ''US Air Force'', 13 June 2006.</ref><ref>[https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=fI5xTmmPbsY "USAF Crash Investigation Video."] YouTube.</ref> The aircraft was one of the first to receive the new avionics and glass flight displays for C-5 Avionics Modernization Program (AMP).<ref>[https://archive.today/20130811154822/http://www.delawareonline.com/article/20060614/NEWS/60614001/Air-Force-blames-crew-C-5-crash#selection-2785.0-2785.239 "Air Force blames crew for C-5 crash"] ''DelawareOnline'', 14 June 2006.</ref> This accident led to a redesign of the cockpit engine displays, particularly the visual indicators of a non-active engine.<ref>[http://pro.sagepub.com/content/54/1/65.abstract "Pilot Performance Based Selection of Engine Display Features."] ''Proceedings of the Human Factors and Ergonomics Society Annual Meeting'', Vol. 54, no. 1, September 2010, pp. 65–69.</ref> The aircraft was declared a total hull-loss and the airframe was scrapped, but the forward fuselage became a C-5 AMP test bed.<ref name="afl_840059_scrap">Langley, Nicole. [https://www.af.mil/News/Article-Display/Article/128325/gone-with-the-wings-c-5-removal-process-in-full-swing/ "Gone with the wings: C-5 removal process in full swing."] ''US Air Force'', 19 January 2007.</ref>