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Partial fraction decomposition
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===Example 6 (integral)=== Suppose we have the indefinite [[integral]]: <math display="block">\int \frac{x^4+x^3+x^2+1}{x^2+x-2} \,dx</math> Before performing decomposition, it is obvious we must perform polynomial long division and [[Factorization|factor]] the denominator. Doing this would result in: <math display="block">\int \left(x^2 + 3 + \frac{-3x+7}{(x+2)(x-1)}\right) dx</math> Upon this, we may now perform partial fraction decomposition. <math display="block">\int \left(x^2+3+ \frac{-3x+7}{(x+2)(x-1)}\right) dx = \int \left(x^2+3+ \frac{A}{(x+2)}+\frac{B}{(x-1)}\right) dx</math> so: <math display="block">A(x-1)+B(x+2)=-3x+7</math>. Upon substituting our values, in this case, where x=1 to solve for B and x=-2 to solve for A, we will result in: <math display="block">A=\frac{-13}{3} \ , B=\frac{4}{3} </math> Plugging all of this back into our integral allows us to find the answer: <math display="block">\int \left(x^2+3+ \frac{-13/3}{(x+2)}+\frac{4/3}{(x-1)}\right) \,dx = \frac{x^3}{3} \ + 3x-\frac{13}{3} \ln(|x+2|)+\frac{4}{3} \ln(|x-1|)+C </math>
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