Editing Portable computer (section)

==Timeline==
{{Table alignment}}
{| class="wikitable col2right col3center"
|-
! Year !! Price !! CPU !! CPU [[clock rate]] (MHz) !! Computer name !! Comment
|-
| 1954
|
| [[Vacuum tube]]: [[Diode logic|Diode gates]], [[tube amplifiers]] and [[Delay-line memory#Electric delay lines|electrical delay lines]]
| 1
| [[DYSEAC]]
| For the military, movable by truck.
|-
| 1955
| ~{{US$|86074|1955}}
| Custom vacuum tube CPU
| 0.01
| [[Monroe Calculating Machine Company#Electronic Calculators|Monrobot V]]
| For the military, movable by truck. Used for surveying and mapmaking.
|-
| 1957
| ~{{US$|70500|1957}} RECOMP II
| {{dunno|Transistorized: [[Printed circuit board|Printed circuit cards]]}}
| {{dunno}}
| [[Autonetics|RECOMP]] I CP-266
| For the military, movable by two men.
|-
| 1959
| ~{{US$|1600000|1959}} MOBIDIC A
| Custom transistor CPU ([[Inverter (logic gate)|inverter logic]])
| 1 MOBIDIC B
| [[MOBIDIC]]
| Truck-based for the military, five were built and deployed. Sylvania later offered a commercial version as the S 9400.
Clock speed is unknown but ADD instructions are documented as taking 16μs, i.e. ~62k ADD/s.
|-
| 1960
| ~{{US$|6900000|1960}} (development)<ref>{{Cite journal|last=United States.|date=1969|title=Field Artillery Digital Automatic Computer (FADAC) - TOTAL FADAC COSTS|url=https://hdl.handle.net/2027/mdp.35112202783561?urlappend=%3Bseq=651|journal=Hearings Cong. 91 Sess. 1 Appropriations V. 9 1969.|volume=9|pages=645|hdl=2027/mdp.35112202783561?urlappend=%3Bseq=651|via=[[HathiTrust]]}}</ref>
| Modular [[Printed circuit board|circuit boards]]
| 0.448
| [[M18 FADAC|FADAC]]
| For the military, movable by two men.
|-
| 1960
| ~{{US$|125600|1961}} || [[Standard Modular System]] with complementary [[diode-transistor logic]] || 0.087 || [[IBM 1401]] || Truck-based for military,<ref>{{cite web|title=IBM 1401: The Mainframe|date=7 March 2012 |url=https://www-03.ibm.com/ibm/history/ibm100/us/en/icons/mainframe/|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120403020416/http://www-03.ibm.com/ibm/history/ibm100/us/en/icons/mainframe/|url-status=dead|archive-date=April 3, 2012}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|title=Columbia University Computing History: IBM 1401|url=http://www.columbia.edu/cu/computinghistory/1401.html}}</ref> also touring Datamobile<ref>{{cite web|title=IBM 1401: Cultural Impacts|date=7 March 2012 |url=https://www-03.ibm.com/ibm/history/ibm100/us/en/icons/mainframe/impacts/|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120403025431/http://www-03.ibm.com/ibm/history/ibm100/us/en/icons/mainframe/impacts/|url-status=dead|archive-date=April 3, 2012}}</ref> for demos.
|-
| 1960<ref name=":0">{{cite journal|last1=Beck|first1=Robert Mark|date=30 December 1960|title=PB-250 - A High Speed Serial General Purpose Computer Using Magnetostrictive Delay Line Storage|journal=Managing Requirements Knowledge, International Workshop on (AFIPS)|language=en|pages=284–285, 287|doi=10.1109/afips.1960.58|quote=The first production computer was delivered in October 1960.}}</ref>
| ~{{US$|40500|1961}}<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.ed-thelen.org/comp-hist/BRL61-p.html#PACKARD-BELL-250|title=PACKARD BELL 250|last=Weik|first=Martin H.|date=Mar 1961|website=ed-thelen.org|series=A Third Survey of Domestic Electronic Digital Computing Systems}}</ref>
| Plug-in [[Printed circuit board|circuit modules]] 
| 2<ref>{{cite web |title=The PB-250 |url=https://www.cca.org/tech/rcs/pb250.html |website=www.cca.org}}</ref>
| [[PB 250]]
| Portable as the control computer for commercial mobile (by [[van]]) data systems. Can operate entirely from a battery.
|-
| 1961
| ~{{US$|500000|1961}}
| Custom transistor CPU
| 1
| [[BASICPAC]]
| For the military, movable by truck.
|-
| 1962
| ~{{US$|40000|1962}}
| {{dunno|[[Printed circuit board|Circuit modules]] ([[Integrated circuit#Invention|micromodular]])<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.chipsetc.com/the-rca-micromodule.html|title=The RCA Micromodule|website=Vintage Computer Chip Collectibles, Memorabilia & Jewelry|language=en|access-date=2018-03-25}}</ref>}}
| {{dunno}}
| [[Librascope#Computers|L-2010]]
| For the military.
|-
| 1967
|
| {{dunno|[[Integrated circuit]]}}
| {{dunno}}
| [[Control Data Corporation|CDC]] 449
| For the military.<ref>{{cite journal |title=Across the Editor's Desk: CONTROL DATA 449 COMPUTER |journal=Computers and Automation |date=Nov 1967 |volume=16 |issue=11 |page=56 |url=https://archive.org/details/bitsavers_computersA_11670370/page/n55?q=%22CONTROL+DATA+449+COMPUTER%22}}</ref><ref>Used in translocation backpack system (prototype) and as an onboard computer for [[Grumman]] planes

* {{Cite journal |date=July–August 1970 |title=Translocation Backpack Systems |url=https://www.jhuapl.edu/techdigest/views/prior_issues.html#1970 |journal=APL Technical Digest |volume=9 |issue=6 |pages=10}}
* {{Cite journal |last1=Rochester |first1=Jack |last2=Gantz |first2=John |date=1983-11-28 |title=The Industry: Book excerpt: The Naked Computer - The smallest computer |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=sy8EAAAAMBAJ&q=%22cdc+449%22&pg=PA162 |journal=InfoWorld |language=en |publisher=InfoWorld Media Group, Inc. |volume=5 |issue=48 |pages=162}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=http://bitsavers.trailing-edge.com/pdf/cdc/Tom_Hunter_Scans/CDC449_Computer_RM_Oct67.pdf|title=Control Data 449 Computer Reference Manual|date=Oct 1967|website=bitsavers.trailing-edge.com|access-date=2018-12-22}}</ref>
|-
| 1975 
| {{US$|8975}}
| [[IBM PALM processor]]
| 1.9
| [[IBM 5100|IBM 5100 Portable Computer]]<ref name="oldcomputers_net-ibm5100">{{cite web|title=IBM 5100 computer|url=http://oldcomputers.net/ibm5100.html}} 090508 oldcomputers.net</ref> || 64K = {{US$|17975}}.
|-
| 1975 
| {{US$|4000}}
| [[Motorola 6800]]
| 1
| MIT Suitcase Computer
| 4K SRAM, approx. 20&nbsp;lbs.  Built by David Emberson in the MIT Digital Systems Laboratory as a thesis project. Currently in the collection of Dr. Hoo-Min D. Toong.
|-
| 1976 
| {{US$|50000}}
| [[Zilog Z80|Z80]]?
| 1
| [[Xerox NoteTaker]]
|
|-
| 1977 
| {{US$|2495}}
| [[Zilog Z80|Z80]]
| {{dunno}}
| Versatile 2<ref name="lse_ac_uk_mcron" /><ref name="old-computers_com-345">{{cite web|title=old-computers.com : The Museum|url=https://www.old-computers.com/MUSEUM/computer.asp?c=345&st=1}} 090508 old-computers.com</ref>
|
|-
| 1978 
| {{US$|10225}}
| [[IBM PALM processor]]
| 1.9
| [[IBM 5110]]<ref name="oldcomputers_net-ibm5110">{{cite web|title=IBM 5110 computer|url=http://oldcomputers.net/ibm5110.html}} 090508 oldcomputers.net</ref>
|
|-
| 1979 
| {{US$|375}}
| [[MOS Technology 6502|6502]], 1K
| 1
| Rockwell [[AIM-65]]
| 20-character alphanumeric display.<ref name="lse_ac_uk_mcron" /><ref name="trygve_com-hardweird">{{cite web|title=Weird World of Hardware|url=http://www.trygve.com/hardweird.html}} 090508 trygve.com</ref><ref name="oldcomputers_net-AIM-65">{{cite web|title=Rockwell AIM-65 computer|url=http://oldcomputers.net/AIM-65.html}} 090508 oldcomputers.net</ref>
|-
| 1979 
| {{US$|3250}}
| Custom HP 8-bit
| 0.613
| [[HP Series 80|Hewlett-Packard Model 85]]<ref name="oldcomputers_net-index">{{cite web|title=Old Computers – rare, vintage, and obsolete computers|url=http://oldcomputers.net/index.html}} 090508 oldcomputers.net</ref>
|
|-
| 1980
|
| {{dunno}}
| {{dunno}}
| [[PA512]]
| Made in [[Serbia]].
|-
| 1980 
| {{US$|230}}
| SC43177, SC43178
| [[TRS-80 Pocket Computer PC-1|TRS-80 Pocket Computer]]<ref name="oldcomputers_net-trs80pc1">{{cite web|title=Radio Shack TRS-80 Pocket Computer|url=http://oldcomputers.net/trs80pc1.html}} 090508 oldcomputers.net</ref>
|
|-
| 1980
|
| Intel 8085
| 2.0
| [[Portal (computer)|Portal R2E CCMC]]
| 
|-
| 1981 
| {{US$|1795}}
| [[Zilog Z80|Z80]]
| 4.0
| [[Osborne 1]]
|
|-
| 1981 
| {{US$|795}}
| 2× Hitachi 6301 
| 0.614
| [[Epson HX-20]]<ref name="oldcomputers_net-hx-20">{{cite web|title=Epson HX-20 computer|url=http://oldcomputers.net/hx-20.html}} 090508 oldcomputers.net</ref>
|
|-
| 1981
|
| [[Zilog Z80|Z80]] compatible
| {{dunno}}
| [[Husky (computer)]]<ref name="old-computers_com-computer_asp_c_285">{{cite web|title=OLD-COMPUTERS.COM : The Museum|url=https://www.old-computers.com/museum/computer.asp?c=285}} 090508 old-computers.com</ref>
|
|-
| 1982
|
| [[Intel 8088|8088]]
| 4.77
| [[Columbia Data Products]]
|
|-
| 1982
|
| [[Zilog Z80|Z80]]A 
| 4
| [[Grundy NewBrain]]
|
|-
| 1982
|
| [[Zilog Z80|Z80]]
| 2.5
| [[Kaypro]]
|
|-
| 1982 
| {{US$|8000}}<ref name="ldom_com-407">{{cite web|title=World's first laptop. Osborne 1 GRiD Compass 1101.|url=http://thelongestlistofthelongeststuffatthelongestdomainnameatlonglast.com/first407.html |url-status=usurped|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170720042605/http://thelongestlistofthelongeststuffatthelongestdomainnameatlonglast.com/first407.html|archive-date=2017-07-20}}</ref>
| [[Intel 8086|8086]]
| {{dunno}}
| [[Grid Compass 1100]]
| [[National Aeronautics and Space Administration|NASA]] laptop
|-
| 1982
|
| [[Zilog Z80|Z80]]
| 4.0
| [[Osborne Executive]]
|
|-
| 1983
|
| [[x86]]
| {{dunno}}
| [[Hyperion (computer)]]
|
|-
| 1983
|
| [[x86]]
| {{dunno}}
| [[Compaq Portable]]
|
|-
| 1983
| {{US$|1099}}
| 80C85
| 2.4
| [[TRS-80 Model 100]]
| {{nowrap|40 × 8}} [[Liquid crystal display|LCD]]
|-
| 1983
|
| [[Zilog Z80|Z80]]A, 8086, 128K
| {{dunno}}
| [[Seequa Chameleon]]<ref name="lse_ac_uk_mcron">{{cite web|title=MicrocomputerChronology|url=http://is2.lse.ac.uk/History/MicrocomputerChronology.htm|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://archive.today/20121223100718/http://is2.lse.ac.uk/History/MicrocomputerChronology.htm|archive-date=2012-12-23}} 090508 is2.lse.ac.uk</ref>
|
|-
| 1983
|
| [[Zilog Z80|Z80]]A
| 3.4
| [[Sord IS-11]]
|
|-
| 1983
| {{US$|1595}}
| [[Zilog Z80|Z80]]A 
| 4
| [[Zorba (computer)|Zorba]]
|
|-
| 1984 
| {{US$|4225}}
| [[Intel 8088|8088]] 
| 4.77
| [[IBM 5155]]<ref name="oldcomputers_net-ibm5155">{{cite web|title=IBM 5155 portable computer|url=http://oldcomputers.net/ibm5155.html}} 090508 oldcomputers.net</ref>
|
|-
| 1984
|
| [[Zilog Z80|Z80]]
| {{dunno}}
| [[Actrix (computer)]]
|
|-
| ~1984
|
| [[Intel 8088|8088]] 
| 4.77
| [[Bondwell|Bondwell-8]]
|
|-
| 1984
| {{US$|995}}
| [[Zilog Z80|Z80]]
| 2.45
| [[Epson PX-8 Geneva]]<ref name="oldcomputers_net-px-8">{{cite web|title=Epson PX-8 computer|url=http://oldcomputers.net/px-8.html}} 090508 oldcomputers.net</ref>
|
|-
| 1984
|
| [[MOS Technology 6502|6502]]
| 1.02
| [[Commodore SX-64]]
| First portable with color display
|-
| 1984
| {{US$|2895}}
| [[Harris Corporation|Harris]] 80C86
| 4
| [[Data General-One]]
| First true IBM PC-compatible (mostly) laptop; CGA (640x200) monochrome LCD
|-
| 1984
|
| [[Zilog Z80|Z80]]
| 4.0
| [[Osborne Vixen]]
|
|-
| 1984
|
| [[Intel 8088|80C88]]
| {{dunno}}
| [[ZP-150]]
|
|-
| 1984 
| {{US$|595}}
| {{dunno}}
| {{dunno}}
| [[HP-71B]]
| Calculator programmable in [[BASIC]]
|-
| 1984 
| {{US$|2995}}
| [[Harris Corporation|Harris]] 80C86
| 5.33
| [[HP 110]]
| {{nowrap|80 × 16}} [[Liquid crystal display|LCD]], 300-baud modem
|-
| 1984
| {{GBP|1965|link=yes}}
| [[Intel 8086|8086]]
| 4.77
| [[Apricot Portable]]
| First portable computer with 25-line LCD. Included [[speech recognition]], wireless keyboard, and optional wireless mouse
|-
| 1985
| {{US$|995}}
| [[Zilog Z80|Z80]]
| 4
| [[Bondwell-2]]
|
|-
| 1985
|
| [[Harris Corporation|Harris]] 80C86 
| 5.33
| [[HP 110|HP 110 Plus]] || {{nowrap|80 × 25}} [[Liquid crystal display|LCD]], 1200-baud modem
|-
| 1985
| {{US$|1899}}
| [[Toshiba T1100]] 80C88 
| 4.77
| [[Toshiba T1100]]
| {{nowrap|80 × 25}} [[Liquid crystal display|LCD]]
|-
| 1986
|
| [[Intel 8088|8088]] 
| 4.77
| [[IBM PC Convertible|IBM 5140]]
|
|-
| 1986
|
| [[Intel 80286]] 
| 8
| [[Compaq Portable II]]
|
|-
| 1986
|
| {{dunno}}
| {{dunno}}
| [[LPA512]]
|
|-
| 1987
|
| [[Zilog Z80|Z80]]
| {{dunno}}
| [[Cambridge Z88]]
|
|-
| 1988
|
| [[Intel 8088]]
| {{dunno}}
| [[NEC UltraLite]]
|
|-
| 1988<!-- I know someone who was sitting in the audience of the release of the Apple Portable while using a STacy with a Mac emulator; taking press notes of the Mac's release. There was either a delay of the Mac or the STacy was out in 88 instead of 89. -->
|  {{US$|2299}} <ref name="pigwa_net-px-8">{{cite web|title=Atari STacy computer|url=http://ftp.pigwa.net/stuff/mirror/www.atari-explorer.com/stacy.html}}ftp.pigwa.net</ref>
| [[Motorola 68000#Other manufacturers|68HC000]]
| 8
| [[Atari STacy]]
|
|-
| 1989<!-- exact release month known? -->
|
| [[Intel 8088]]
| 4.9152
| [[Atari Portfolio]]
|
|-
| 1989<!-- exact release month known? -->
|  {{US$|2000}}
| [[Intel 8088|Intel 80C88]]
| 7
| [[Poqet PC]] (Classic)
|
|-
| 1989
|
| 8086
| 9.55
| [[Compaq LTE]]
|
|-
| 1989
|
| [[Motorola 68000]]
| 16
| [[Macintosh Portable]]
|
|-
| 1989
|
| [[Motorola 68000]]
| 15
| [[Outbound Laptop]]
|
|-
| 1991<!-- exact release month known? -->
|
| [[Motorola 68000]]
| 8
| [[ST BOOK]]<ref name="geocities_com-stbook">{{cite web|title=Planet Irata: Atari ST Book Notebook Computer|url=http://www.geocities.com/~irata/stbook.html|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20091026155421/http://geocities.com/~irata/stbook.html|archive-date=2009-10-26}} 090508 geocities.com</ref><ref name="xs4all_nl-atari">{{cite web|title=Chips in ATARI-Computern mit TOS-Betriebssystem|url=http://www.xs4all.nl/~ganswijk/chipdir/oth/atari.txt}} 090508 xs4all.nl</ref>
|
|-
| 1991<!-- exact release month known? -->
|
| [[NEC V20]]
| 5.37
| [[HP 95LX]]
|-
| 1991
|  {{US$|2300}}
| [[Motorola 68000]]
| 16
| {{nowrap|Apple [[PowerBook 100]]}}
|
|-
| 1992
|
| IBM [[386SLC|486SLC]]
| 25
| [[IBM ThinkPad 700]]
| The first ThinkPad
|-
| 1992
|
| [[Zilog Z80|Z80]], 64K
| {{dunno}}
| [[Amstrad NC100]]
|
|-
| 1992
| {{US$|4950}}
| CY601&nbsp;+ CY604
| 25
| [[SPARCbook|SPARCbook1]]
| Unix with [[SunOS]]
|-
| 1993<!-- exact release month known? -->
|
| Intel "Hornet" [[Intel 80186|80186]]
| 7.91
| [[HP 100LX]]
|
|-
| 1993
|
| {{dunno}}
| {{dunno}}
| [[AlphaSmart]]
|
|-
| 1994
|
| Intel "Hornet" [[Intel 80186|80186]]
| 7.91
| [[HP 200LX]]
|
|-
| 1995
|
| [[Intel 80486]]DX4
| 75 
| [[IBM ThinkPad Butterfly keyboard]]
| IBM ThinkPad 701c and 701Cs, famous for their "Butterfly Keyboard" which slides into place when opening the lid
|-
| 1996
|
| [[Intel Pentium]]
| 133
| [[Panasonic]] [[Toughbook#Toughbook CF-25|Toughbook CF-25]]
| The first Toughbook, an example of a ruggedized laptop
|-
| 1997
|
| [[Original Intel Pentium (P5 microarchitecture)|Intel Pentium]]
| 150
| [[IBM Thinkpad 380|IBM ThinkPad 380]]
| An average late-1990s notebook
|-
| 2001
|
| [[StrongARM#SA-1110|SA-1110]]
| 206 
| [[SIMpad]]
|
|-
| 2001
|
| [[Intel Pentium III|Intel Mobile Pentium III-M]]
| 1200
| [[Dell Precision#Latitude C Series based (2001-2002)|Dell Precision M40]]
| One of the world's first mobile workstation notebooks
|-
| 2002
|
| [[Intel Pentium 4]]
| 2400
| [[Alienware|Alienware Area 51-M]]
| An early example of a gaming laptop: high performance desktop components in a notebook
|-
| 2003
|
| Intel Pentium M
| 1700
| [[IBM ThinkPad|IBM ThinkPad R50p]]
| Notable for its ultra high resolution 2048x1536 (QXGA) display option
|}