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Pro-drop language
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==== Pro-drop with locative and partitive ==== ''Modern'' Spanish and Portuguese are also notable amongst Romance languages because they have no specific pronouns for circumstantial [[Complement (linguistics)|complement]]s (arguments denoting circumstance, consequence, place or manner, modifying the verb but not directly involved in the action) or [[partitive]]s (words or phrases denoting a quantity of something).{{Clarify|date=March 2008}}<!-- I don't see what partitives have to do with anything. As for pronouns for circumstantial complements, you must be thinking of French and Italian (y, en, etc.), but as far as I know such pronouns are not common cross-linguistically. --> However, both languages had them during the Middle Ages: Portuguese ''hi'' and ''ende''. Compare the following examples in which Spanish, Portuguese, Galician, and Romanian have null pronouns for place and partitives, but Catalan, French, Occitan, and Italian have overt pronouns for place and partitive. {| class="wikitable" |+Pro-drop with locative and partitive: Romance !language ! colspan="2" |locative ! colspan="2" |partitive |- |[[Spanish language|Spanish]] | |''¡Voy!'' | |''Tengo cuatro.'' |- |[[Portuguese language|Portuguese]] | |''Vou!'' | |''Tenho quatro.'' |- |[[Galician language|Galician]] | |''Vou!'' | |''Teño catro.'' |- |[[Romanian language|Romanian]] | |''Mă duc!'' | |''Am patru.'' |- |[[Catalan language|Catalan]] |'''''Hi''''' |''vaig!'' |'''''En''''' |''tinc quatre.'' |- |[[French language|French]] |''J'<nowiki/>'''y''''' |''vais !'' |''J'<nowiki/>'''en''''' |''ai quatre.'' |- |[[Occitan language|Occitan]] |'''''I''''' |''vau!'' |'''''N'<nowiki/>''''' |''ai quatre.'' |- |[[Italian language|Italian]] |'''''Ci''''' |''vado!'' |'''''Ne''''' |''ho quattro.'' |- | | colspan="2" |'I'm going ['''there''']!' | colspan="2" |'I have four ('''of them''').' |} [[Image:EuropeProDropLanguages.png|thumb|300px|Languages in Europe {{legend|darkblue|Non-pro-drop languages}} {{legend|blue|Pro-drop being displaced by a non-pro-drop language}}]]
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