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=== Mixing === The virtual mixer shows controls and components of all tracks, including [[Insert (effects processing)|inserts]], [[Aux-send|sends]], input and output [[Audio bus|assignments]], automation read/write controls, [[Panning (audio)|panning]], [[Mixing console|solo/mute]] buttons, arm record buttons, the [[Fade (audio engineering)#Fader|volume fader]], the [[Peak programme meter|level meter]], and the track name. It also can show additional controls for the inserted [[Software synthesizer|virtual instrument]], mic preamp gain, HEAT settings, and the EQ curve of supported plug-ins.{{Sfn|Avid|2019|p=188|loc=12. Pro Tools Main Windows}} Each track inputs and outputs can have different channel depths: [[Monaural|mono]], [[Stereophonic sound|stereo]], [[Surround sound|multichannel]] (LCR, [[Dolby Stereo|LCRS]], [[Quadraphonic sound|Quad]], [[5.1 surround sound|5.0/5.1]], 6.0/6.1, [[7.1 surround sound|7.0/7.1]]); [[Dolby Atmos]] and [[Ambisonics]] formats are also available for mixing.{{Sfn|Avid|2019|p=1201–1203|loc=52. Pro Tools Setup for Surround}} Audio can be routed to and from different outputs and inputs, both physical and internal. Internal routing is achieved using busses and auxiliary tracks; each track can have multiple output assignments.{{Sfn|Avid|2019|p=1057|loc=48. Basic Mixing}} Virtual instruments are loaded on Instrument tracks—a specific type of track that receives MIDI data in input and returns audio in output.{{Sfn|Avid|2019|p=1046|loc=48. Basic Mixing}} Plug-ins are processed in real-time with dedicated DSP chips (AAX DSP format) or using the host computer's CPU (AAX Native format).{{Sfn|Avid|2019|p=1058|loc=48. Basic Mixing}} ==== Track rendering ==== Audio, auxiliary, and Instrument tracks (or MIDI tracks routed to a [[Software synthesizer|virtual instrument]] plug-in) can be committed to new tracks containing their rendered output. Virtual instruments can be committed to audio to prepare an arrangement project for mixing; track commit is also used to free up system resources during mixing or when the session is shared with systems not having some plug-ins installed. Multiple tracks can be rendered at a time; it is also possible to render a specific timeline selection and define which range of inserts to render.{{Sfn|Avid|2019|p=995–999|loc=45. Committing, Freezing, and Bouncing Tracks}} Similarly, tracks can be frozen with their output rendered at the end of the plug-in chain or at a specific insert of their chain. Editing is suspended on frozen tracks, but they can subsequently be unfrozen if further adjustments are needed. For example, virtual instruments can be frozen to free up system memory and improve performance while keeping the possibility to unfreeze them to make arrangement changes.{{Sfn|Avid|2019|p=1000–1002|loc=45. Committing, Freezing, and Bouncing Tracks}} ==== Mixdown ==== The main mix of the session—or any internal mix bus or output path—can be bounced to disk in real-time (if hardware inserts from analog hardware are used, or if any audio or MIDI source is monitored live into the session) or offline (faster-than-real-time). The selected source can be mixed to mono, stereo, or any other multichannel format. Multichannel mixdowns can be written as an interleaved audio file or in multiple mono files. Up to 24 sources of up to 10 channels each can be mixed down simultaneously—for example, to deliver [[Stem (audio)|audio stems]].{{Sfn|Avid|2019|p=1188–1190|loc=51. Mixdown}} Audio and video can be bounced together to a MOV file; video is transcoded with the DNxHD, DNxHR, Apple ProRes, and H.264 video codecs.{{Sfn|Avid|2020|p=1408|loc=62. Working with Video in Pro Tools}}
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