Editing Research and Analysis Wing (section)

====Afghanistan====
During the [[Soviet–Afghan War|Soviet War in Afghanistan]], R&AW had recruited three powerful warlords, including [[Ahmad Shah Massoud]].<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.deccanherald.com/india/raw-had-recruited-three-warlords-in-afghanistan-says-book-868599.html|title=R&AW had recruited three warlords in Afghanistan, says book|date=2 August 2020|publisher=Deccan Herald|access-date=10 October 2023|archive-date=15 April 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230415010922/https://www.deccanherald.com/amp/national/raw-had-recruited-three-warlords-in-afghanistan-says-book-868599.html|url-status=live}}</ref>

In 1996, R&AW had built a 25-bed military hospital at the [[Farkhor Air Base]].{{efn|The Northern Alliance military commander, [[Ahmad Shah Massoud]], who was assassinated in September 2001 by two Arab suicide bombers posing as journalists, died in the India-run hospital.<ref name="farkhor"/>}}<ref name="farkhor">{{cite web|url=http://www.frontlineonnet.com/fl1919/19190600.htm |title=India and Central Asia |publisher=Frontlineonnet.com |access-date=28 September 2009 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20081202171947/http://www.frontlineonnet.com/fl1919/19190600.htm |archive-date= 2 December 2008 |df=dmy }}</ref> This airbase was used by the [[Aviation Research Centre]], the reconnaissance arm of R&AW, to repair and operate the Northern Alliance's aerial support. This relationship was further cemented in the [[War in Afghanistan (2001–present)|2001 Afghan war]].<ref name="farkhor"/><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.janes.com/security/international_security/news/jir/jir010315_1_n.shtml |title=India joins anti-Taliban coalition – Jane's Security News |publisher=Janes.com |date=15 March 2001 |access-date=28 September 2009| archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20080226012915/http://www.janes.com/security/international_security/news/jir/jir010315_1_n.shtml| archive-date = 26 February 2008}}</ref>

After the [[September 11, 2001 attacks]], R&AW provided the intelligence to western countries that there were over 120 [[Afghan training camp|training camps]] operating in Afghanistan and [[Pakistan]], run by a variety of militant groups.<ref name=Cnn-2001-09-19>
{{cite news
 |url=http://archives.cnn.com/2001/WORLD/asiapcf/central/09/19/inv.afghanistan.camp/ 
 |title=India identifies terrorist training camps 
 |publisher=CNN 
 |date=2001-09-19 
 |author=Bindra, Satinder 
 |quote=Sources told CNN that more than 120 camps are operating in the two countries. 
 |url-status=dead
 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20081210073323/http://archives.cnn.com/2001/WORLD/asiapcf/central/09/19/inv.afghanistan.camp/
 |archive-date=2008-12-10
}} 
</ref>

After the [[United States invasion of Afghanistan#Overthrow of the Taliban|Overthrow of Taliban in Afghanistan]] in 2001, R&AW was the first intelligence agency to determine the extent of the [[Airlift of Evil|Kunduz airlift]].<ref>{{cite news|last1=Hersh|first1=Seymour|title=The Getaway|url=http://www.newyorker.com/archive/2002/01/28/020128fa_FACT?currentPage=all|access-date=17 July 2014|magazine=The New Yorker|date=28 January 2002|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140701233232/http://www.newyorker.com/archive/2002/01/28/020128fa_FACT?currentPage=all|archive-date=1 July 2014|df=dmy-all}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.thehindu.com/news/national/how-india-secretly-armed-ahmad-shah-massouds-northern-alliance/article29310513.ece|title=How India secretly armed Afghanistan's Northern Alliance|last=Sudarshan|first=V.|date=2019-09-01|work=The Hindu|access-date=2019-09-10|language=en-IN|issn=0971-751X|archive-date=18 August 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210818135158/https://www.thehindu.com/news/national/how-india-secretly-armed-ahmad-shah-massouds-northern-alliance/article29310513.ece|url-status=live}}</ref>

In 2017, R&AW undertook [[Counterterrorism|counter-terrorism]] operation, described as “unprecedented in its scale and scope”, foiled a major terrorist attack by an [[Islamic State of Iraq and the Levant – Khorasan Province|Islamic State - Khorasan]] [[Suicide attack|suicide bomber]] in New Delhi. The [[CIA]] was also involved in this Operation. The militant was later transferred to a US base in Afghanistan for further questioning. The operation spanned 3 countries and involved 80 Research officers.<ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.indianexpress.com/article/india/indian-intelligence-infiltrated-is-ring-to-track-arrest-afghan-suicide-bomber-sent-to-hit-delhi-5254357/lite/|title=Indian intelligence infiltrated Islamic State ring to track, arrest Afghan suicide bomber sent to hit Delhi|access-date=11 July 2018|publisher=Indian Express|archive-date=11 July 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180711112514/https://indianexpress.com/article/india/indian-intelligence-infiltrated-is-ring-to-track-arrest-afghan-suicide-bomber-sent-to-hit-delhi-5254357/lite/|url-status=live}}</ref>

In November–December 2019, a special [[Extraction (military)|exfiltration]] operation was undertaken by R&AW. At least four Indian nationals working in various parts of Afghanistan, that had been abducted by the [[Haqqani network]], were successfully rescued.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.sundayguardianlive.com/news/agencies-rescue-indians-abducted-afghan|title=Agencies rescue Indians abducted in Afghan|date=4 January 2020|access-date=4 January 2020|publisher=Sunday Guardian|archive-date=23 June 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200623125423/https://www.sundayguardianlive.com/news/agencies-rescue-indians-abducted-afghan|url-status=live}}</ref>

In 2020, 10 [[Ministry of State Security (China)|MSS]] Operatives from Xinjiang State Security Department (XSSD) were arrested in&nbsp;[[Kabul]]&nbsp;by the Afghan&nbsp;[[National Directorate of Security|NDS]]. During Questioning, one of operative told the interrogators that they were gathering information about&nbsp;al-Qaeda,&nbsp;Taliban&nbsp;and&nbsp;[[Turkistan Islamic Party]]&nbsp;in [[Kunar Province|Kunar]] and [[Badakhshan province]]s, and wanted to assassinate high-level members of [[Turkistan Islamic Party|TIP]]. This [[Counter-Intelligence|counter-intelligence]] operation was undertaken based on a tip from R&AW.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://thediplomat.com/2021/02/did-china-build-a-spy-network-in-kabul/|title=Did China Build a Spy Network in Kabul?|first=Ezzatullah|last=Mehrdad|website=thediplomat.com|access-date=17 August 2021|archive-date=17 August 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210817222700/https://thediplomat.com/2021/02/did-china-build-a-spy-network-in-kabul/|url-status=live}}</ref>