Editing Running (section)

=== High impact ===
[[File:Bad-running-form.png|thumb|left|Person with a bad running form. Heel striking and leaning forward are some of the most common mistakes and cause of injuries among beginners.]]
Many injuries are associated with running because of its high-impact nature. Change in running volume may lead to development of [[patellofemoral pain syndrome]], [[iliotibial band syndrome]], [[patellar tendinopathy]], [[plica syndrome]], and [[medial tibial stress syndrome]]. Change in running pace may cause [[Achilles tendinitis]], [[gastrocnemius]] injuries, and [[plantar fasciitis]].<ref>{{cite journal|last=Nielsen|first=R.O|title=Classifying running-related injuries based upon etiology, with emphasis on volume and pace|journal=International Journal of Sports Physical Therapy|year=2013|volume=8|issue=2|pages=172–179|pmid=23593555|pmc=3625796}}</ref> Repetitive stress on the same tissues without enough time for recovery or running with improper form can lead to many of the above. Runners generally attempt to minimize these injuries by warming up before exercise,<ref name="Davis 1980 1590–95" /> focusing on proper running form, performing strength training exercises, eating a well balanced diet, allowing time for recovery, and "icing" (applying ice to sore muscles or taking an ice bath).

Some runners may experience injuries when running on concrete surfaces. The problem with running on [[concrete]] is that the body adjusts to this flat surface running, and some of the muscles will become weaker, along with the added impact of running on a harder surface. Therefore, it can be beneficial to change terrain occasionally – such as trail, beach, or grass running. This is more unstable ground and allows the legs to strengthen different muscles. Runners should be wary of twisting their ankles on such terrain. Running downhill also increases knee stress and should, therefore, be avoided. Reducing the frequency and duration can also prevent injury.

[[Barefoot running]] has been promoted as a means of reducing running related injuries,<ref name="Barefoot">{{cite news|url=http://www.post-gazette.com/pg/06157/696125-114.stm|title=Health Journal: Is barefoot better?|last=Parker-Pope|first=T|date=6 June 2006|work=[[The Wall Street Journal]]|access-date=6 November 2011}}</ref> but this remains controversial and a majority of professionals advocate the wearing of appropriate shoes as the best method for avoiding injury.<ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2009/08/30/business/30shoe.html|title=Wiggling Their Toes at the Shoe Giants|last=Cortese|first=A|date=29 August 2009|work=[[The New York Times]]}}</ref> However, a study in 2013 concluded that wearing neutral shoes is not associated with increased injuries.<ref>{{cite journal |last1=Nielsen |first1=Rasmus Oestergaard |last2=Buist |first2=Ida |last3=Parner |first3=Erik Thorlund |last4=Nohr |first4=Ellen Aagaard |last5=Sørensen |first5=Henrik |last6=Lind |first6=Martin |last7=Rasmussen |first7=Sten |year=2013 |title=Foot pronation is not associated with increased injury risk in novice runners wearing a neutral shoe: a 1-year prospective cohort study |url=http://bjsm.bmj.com/content/early/2013/06/12/bjsports-2013-092202.short?rss=1 |journal=British Journal of Sports Medicine |volume=48 |issue=6 |pages=440–447 |doi=10.1136/bjsports-2013-092202 |pmid=23766439 |s2cid=9880090|url-access=subscription }}</ref>