Open main menu
Home
Random
Recent changes
Special pages
Community portal
Preferences
About Wikipedia
Disclaimers
Incubator escapee wiki
Search
User menu
Talk
Dark mode
Contributions
Create account
Log in
Editing
Tatar language
(section)
Warning:
You are not logged in. Your IP address will be publicly visible if you make any edits. If you
log in
or
create an account
, your edits will be attributed to your username, along with other benefits.
Anti-spam check. Do
not
fill this in!
=== Verbs === {| class=wikitable ! Tense ! After voiced consonants ! After unvoiced consonants ! After vowels |- ! Present | colspan=2 | -а ''-a'' | -ый ''-ıy'' |- ! Definite past | -ды ''-dı'' | -ты ''-tı'' | -ды ''-dı'' |- ! Indefinite past | -ган ''-ğan'' | -кан ''-qan'' | -ган ''-ğan'' |- ! Definite future | colspan=2 | -ачак ''-açaq'' | -ячак ''-yaçaq'' |- ! Indefinite future | colspan=2 | -ар/ыр ''-ar/-ır'' | -р ''-r'' |- ! Conditional | colspan=3 | -са ''-sa'' |- ! colspan=4 | Non-finite tenses |- ! Present participle | colspan=3 | -учы ''-uçı'' |- ! Past participle | -ган ''-ğan'' | -кан ''-qan'' | -ган ''-ğan'' |- ! Future participle | colspan=2 | -асы ''-ası'' | -ыйсы ''-ıysı'' |- ! Definite future participle | colspan=3 | -ачак ''-açaq'' |- ! Indefinite future participle | colspan=2 | -ар/-ыр ''-ar/ır'' | -р ''-r'' |- ! Verbal participle | colspan=2 | -ып ''-ıp'' | -п ''-p'' |- ! Pre-action gerund | -ганчы ''-ğançı'' | -канчы ''-qançı'' | -ганчы ''-ğançı'' |- ! Post-action gerund | -гач ''-ğaç'' | -кач ''-qaç'' | -гач ''-ğaç'' |- ! Verbal noun | colspan=3 | -у |- ! rowspan=2 | Infinitive | colspan=3 | -мак ''-maq'' |- | colspan=2 | -арга/-ырга ''-arğa/ırğa'' | -рга ''-rğa'' |} The distribution of present tense suffixes is complicated, with the former (also with vowel harmony) is used with verb stems ending in consonants, and the latter is used with verb stem ending in vowels (with the last vowel being deleted, {{wikt-lang|tt|эшләү}} – эшл'''и''', compare [[Turkish language|Turkish]] ''işlemek'' – continuous ''işl'''iyor'''''). The distribution of indefinite future tense is more complicated in consonant-ending stems, it is resolved by -арга/-ырга infinitives (язарга – яз'''ар'''). However, because some have verb citation forms in verbal noun (-у), this rule becomes somewhat unpredictable. Tenses are negated with -ма, however in the indefinite future tense and the verbal participle they become -мас and -мыйча instead, respectively. Alongside vowel-ending stems, the suffix also becomes -мый when negates the present tense. To form interrogatives, the suffix -мы is used. {| class=wikitable |+ Personal inflections ! Type ! 1st singular ! 2nd singular ! 3rd singular ! 1st plural ! 2nd plural ! 3rd plural |- ! I | -мын/-м ''-mın/-m'' | -сың ''-sıñ'' | -∅ | -быз ''-bız'' | -сыз ''-sız'' | -лар/-нар ''-lar/-nar'' |- ! II | -м ''-m'' | -ң ''-ñ'' | -∅ | -к ''-q, -k'' | -гыз ''-ğız'' | -лар/-нар ''-lar/-nar'' |- ! Imperative | -ыйм ''-ıym'' | -∅ | -сын ''-sın'' | -ыйк ''-ıyq'' | -(ы)гыз ''-ığız'' | -сыннар ''-sınnar'' |} Definite past and conditional tenses use type II personal inflections instead. When in the case of present tense, short ending (-м) is used. After vowels, the first person imperative forms deletes the last vowel, similar to the present tense does ({{wikt-lang|tt|эшләү}} – эшл'''им'''). Like plurals of nouns, the suffix -лар change depending the preceding consonants (-алар, but -ганнар). ==== Anomalous verbs ==== Some verbs, however, fall into this category. Dozens of them have irregular stems with a final mid vowel, but obscured on the infinitive ({{wikt-lang|tt|уку}} – ук'''ы''', ук'''ый''', {{wikt-lang|tt|төзү}} – төз'''е''', төз'''и'''). The verbs кору "to build", тану "to disclaim", ташу "to spill" have contrastive meanings with verbs with their final vowelled counterparts, meaning "to dry", "to know", "to carry". The verb {{wikt-lang|tt|дию}} "to say" is significantly more irregular than any other verbs: its 2nd person singular imperative is диген, while its expected regular form is repurposed as the present tense forms (дим, диң, ди...).<ref name="Burbiel" />
Edit summary
(Briefly describe your changes)
By publishing changes, you agree to the
Terms of Use
, and you irrevocably agree to release your contribution under the
CC BY-SA 4.0 License
and the
GFDL
. You agree that a hyperlink or URL is sufficient attribution under the Creative Commons license.
Cancel
Editing help
(opens in new window)