Editing Work for hire (section)

==== India ====

{{main|Copyright law of India}}

As in the UK, the work for hire doctrine in [[India]] is based on the concept of the ''first owner of copyright''.<ref name="phanse2022"/> Under section 17  of the [[Copyright Act, 1957]], the first owner of the copyright in a work is the author, except in the following cases:

* Copyright in a work made by an employee under a contract of service or apprenticeship vests in the employer, unless the employer and employee agree otherwise. Special rules apply for literary, dramatic, and artistic works created by an employee of a [[newspaper]], [[magazine]], or other [[periodical]].
* If a photograph, painting, portrait, engraving, or film is made "for valuable consideration at the instance of" another person, that person is the first owner of copyright unless agreed otherwise.
* Generally, the first owner of copyright in a [[Public speaking|speech]] is the person delivering the speech. However, if that person is giving the speech on behalf of another person, that person is the first owner of the copyright.
* For works made by the [[government of India]], any "public undertaking" of the Indian government, or an [[international organization]], the first owner of copyright is the organization that produced the work.<ref name="india-copyright-1957">{{cite web|url=https://www.copyright.gov.in/Documents/Copyrightrules1957.pdf|title=The Copyright Act, 1957|publisher=Copyright Office, Government of India|access-date=May 26, 2025}}</ref>