Editing Ardashir I (section)

=== Timeline of life ===
According to three dates that are achieved from [[Shapur I|Shapur's]] [[Epigraphy|inscription]] on a column in [[Bishapur]], the period between 205 and 206 appears as the beginning of an era in [[Sasanian Empire|Sasanian]] history;<ref name=":33"/> it is written in the first lines of the mentioned inscription:<blockquote>''1- [[Farvardin]] 58, 2- [[Azar]] Ardashir 40, 3- Azar Shapur from royal Azars 24''</blockquote>Therefor, history is designated with "three eras" in the inscription; "Azar Ardashir 40" means the 40th year in Ardashir's era and "Azar Shapur 24" means the 24th year in Shapur's era. 58 shows an era that has remained unknown.<ref name=":13"/> It has been deduced from the allusion that one of the mentioned events (overthrowing the local [[shah]] of [[Istakhr]] by [[Papak]] or announcing independence from the [[Parthian Empire|Parthians]]) has happened between the years 205 and 206; since the year is implied as "the year of the beginning of an era". The assumption that "the period between the years 205 and 206" is related to Papak's rebellion is very probable since "the period between the years 205 and 206" was never a basis in any of the future achieved histories from the Sasanians and usually every Sasanian emperor either based the calendar on the year of "his ascension" or based it on the [[Seleucid Empire|Seleucid]] calendar that began with [[312 BC|312 B.C]].<ref name=":33"/><ref name=":08"/> [[Roman Ghirshman|R. Ghirshman]] believes that the year 58 shows the beginning of the domination of the Sasanian dynasty over the Iranian lands. Besides, the date of altering the Persian coins along with which the names of previous governors were replaced with the Sasanian dynasty can be accepted to be 205–206.<ref name=":13"/> It is very probable that Papak took the royal throne of Istakhr between the years 205/206 and 211/212 and appointed his son Shapur for it; then in an insurgent action, Ardashir moved to Gur (Ardashir-Khwarrah or current [[Firuzabad County|Firuzabad]]) from Darabgard and raised his defense fortifications there in order to be able to attack his older brother just after the death of his father, Papak. "The first inscription of Ardashir's quest of the crown" in Firuzabad is probably the symbol of his rebellion against his father and brother. Papak probably died in about 211/212 and it is after that when his two sons (Shapur and Ardashir) minted coins titled "The Shah" and decorated them with the face of their recently deceased father (Papak) behind. The report of ''Zin-el-Akhbar'' also confirms that Ardashir was crowned as a local shah in 211/212. The events of 211/212, which contain the defeat of Shapur (Ardashir's brother) and his probable murder, might be related to Ardashir's second inscription on [[Naqsh-e Rajab]] and also minting coins without the Papak's face. The writing of the phrase "his majesty worshiping [[Ahura Mazda|Mazda]], Ardashir the Persian Shah" on some second group of coins of Ardashir's might have been after his conquest of Istakhr and taking control of Pars. Ardashir's conquest of Pars and taking the adjacent lands was a threat for [[Artabanus IV of Parthia|Artabanus]]; therefore, Artabanus defied Ardashir and eventually lost the [[Battle of Hormozdgan]] and was killed. It was after that when Ardashir was able to claim being "the [[King of Kings of Iranians and non-Iranians|Shahanshah]] of [[Iran (word)|Iranians]]". Ardashir carved a memorial inscription for victory in the Battle of Hormozdgan near the city Gur. The signs of these events (the period between taking Istakhr until conquering [[Ctesiphon]] and formal [[coronation]] there) are shown in [[Ahura Mazda and Ardashir I|the inscription of Ardashir's coronation in Naqsh-e Rostam]] and also the alteration of his coins.<ref name=":03"/>