Editing Assamese language (section)

==Morphology and grammar==
{{main|Assamese grammar}}
The Assamese language has the following characteristic morphological features:{{Sfn|Kommaluri|Subramanian|Sagar K|2005}}
* Gender and number are not grammatically marked.
* There is a lexical distinction of gender in the third person pronoun.
* Transitive verbs are distinguished from intransitive.
* The agentive case is overtly marked as distinct from the accusative.
* Kinship nouns are inflected for personal pronominal possession.
* Adverbs can be derived from the verb roots.
* A passive construction may be employed idiomatically.

===Negation process===
Verbs in Assamese are negated by adding {{IPA|/n/}} before the verb, with {{IPA|/n/}} picking up the initial vowel of the verb. For example:{{Sfn|Moral|1997|p=47}}
* {{IPA|/na laɡɛ/}} 'do(es) not want' (1st, 2nd and 3rd persons)
* {{IPA|/ni likʰʊ̃/}} 'will not write' (1st person)
* {{IPA|/nukutʊ̃/}} 'will not nibble' (1st person)
* {{IPA|/nɛlɛkʰɛ/}} 'does not count' (3rd person)
* {{IPA|/nɔkɔɹɔ/}} 'do not do' (2nd person)

===Classifiers===
Assamese has a large collection of [[classifier (linguistics)|classifiers]], which are used extensively for different kinds of objects, acquired from the [[Sino-Tibetan languages]].{{Sfn|Moral|1997|pp=49-51}} A few examples of the most extensive and elaborate use of classifiers are given below:
*"'''''zɔn'''''" is used to signify a person, male with some amount of respect
**E.g., manuh-''zɔn'' – "the man"
*"'''''zɔni'''''" (female) is used after a noun or pronoun to indicate human beings
**E.g., manuh-''zɔni'' – "the woman"
*"'''''zɔni'''''" is also used to express the non-human feminine
**E.g., sɔɹai ''zɔni'' – "the bird", pɔɹuwa-''zɔni'' – "the ant"
*"'''''zɔna'''''" and "'''''gɔɹaki'''''" are used to express high respect for both man and woman
**E.g., kɔbi-''zɔna'' – "the poet", gʊxaɪ-''zɔna'' – "the goddess", rastrapati-''gɔɹaki'' – "the president", tiɹʊta-''gɔɹaki'' – "the woman"
*"'''''tʊ'''''" has three forms: '''''tʊ''''', '''''ta''''', '''''ti'''''
**(a) tʊ: is used to specify something, although the case of someone, e.g., loɹa-''tʊ'' – "the particular boy", is impolite
**(b) ta: is used only after numerals, e.g., ɛ''ta'', du''ta'', tini''ta'' – "one, two, three"
**(c) ti: is the diminutive form, e.g., kesua-''ti'' – "the infant, besides expressing more affection or attachment to
*"'''''kɔsa'''''", "'''''mɔtʰa'''''" and "'''''taɹ'''''" are used for things in bunches
**E.g., sabi-''kɔsa'' – "the bunch of key", saul-''mɔtʰa'' – "a handful of rice", suli-''taɹi'' or suli ''kɔsa'' – "the bunch of hair"
*'''''dal''''', '''''dali''''', are used after nouns to indicate something long but round and solid
**E.g., bãʱ-''dal'' – "the bamboo", katʰ-''dal'' – "the piece of wood", bãʱ-''dali'' – "the piece of bamboo"
{| class="wikitable"
|+Assamese Classifiers
! Classifier !! Referent !! Examples
|-
| {{IPA|/zɔn/}} || males (adult) || manuh-''zɔn'' (the man – honorific)
|-
| {{IPA|/zɔni/}} || females (women as well as animals) || manuh-''zɔni'' (the woman), sɔrai-''zɔni'' (the bird)
|-
| {{IPA|/zɔna/}} || honorific || kobi-''zɔna'' (the poet), gʊxai-''zɔna'' (the god/goddess)
|-
| {{IPA|/ɡɔɹaki/}} || males and females (honorific) || manuh-''ɡɔɹaki'' (the woman), rastrɔpɔti-''gɔɹaki'' (the president)
|-
| {{IPA|/tʊ/}} || inanimate objects or males of animals and men (impolite) || manuh-''tʊ'' (the man – diminutive), gɔɹu-''tʊ'' (the cow)
|-
| {{IPA|/ti/}} || inanimate objects or infants || kesua-''ti'' (the baby)
|-
| {{IPA|/ta/}} || for counting numerals || e-''ta'' (count one), du-''ta'' (count two)
|-
| {{IPA|/kʰɔn/}} || flat square or rectangular objects, big or small, long or short ||
|-
| {{IPA|/kʰɔni/}} || terrain like rivers and mountains ||
|-
| {{IPA|/tʰupi/}} || small objects ||
|-
| {{IPA|/zak/}} || group of people, cattle; also for rain; cyclone ||
|-
| {{IPA|/sati/}} || breeze ||
|-
| {{IPA|/pat/}} || objects that are thin, flat, wide or narrow. ||
|-
| {{IPA|/paɦi/}} || flowers ||
|-
| {{IPA|/sɔta/}} || objects that are solid ||
|-
| {{IPA|/kɔsa/}} || [[mass noun]]s ||
|-
| {{IPA|/mɔtʰa/}} || bundles of objects ||
|-
| {{IPA|/mutʰi/}} || smaller bundles of objects ||
|-
| {{IPA|/taɹ/}} || broomlike objects ||
|-
| {{IPA|/ɡɔs/}} || wick-like objects ||
|-
| {{IPA|/ɡɔsi/}} || with earthen lamp or old style kerosene lamp used in Assam ||
|-
| {{IPA|/zʊpa/}} || objects like trees and shrubs ||
|-
| {{IPA|/kʰila/}} || paper and leaf-like objects ||
|-
| {{IPA|/kʰini/}} || uncountable mass nouns and pronouns ||
|-
| {{IPA|/dal/}} || inanimate flexible/stiff or oblong objects; humans (pejorative) ||
|}
In Assamese, classifiers are generally used in the ''numeral + classifier + noun'' (e.g. {{IPA|/ezɔn manuh/}} ejon manuh 'one man') or the ''noun + numeral + classifier'' (e.g. {{IPA|/manuh ezɔn/}} manuh ejon 'one man') forms.

===Nominalization===
Most verbs can be converted into nouns by the addition of the suffix {{IPA|/ɔn/}}. For example, {{IPA|/kʰa/}} ('to eat') can be converted to {{IPA|/kʰaɔn/}} khaon ('good eating').{{Sfn|Moral|1997|p=48}}

===Grammatical cases===
Assamese has 8 [[grammatical case]]s:

{| class="wikitable"
|-
! Cases !! Suffix !! Example
|-
! [[Absolutive case|Absolutive]]
| none
| {{fs interlinear|lang=as|বাৰীত ''গৰু'' সোমাল।|barit góru- xwmal.|garden-LOC cattle-'''ABS''' entered|Cattles entered into the garden.}}
|-
! [[Ergative case|Ergative]]
| {{fs interlinear|lang=as|-এ, -ই|-e, -i|}}
| {{fs interlinear|lang=as|গৰু'''ৱে''' ঘাঁহ খায়।|góru-'''e''' ghãh kha-e.|cattle-'''ERG''' grass-ACC eat-3.HAB.PRES|Cattles eat grass.}}
Note: The personal pronouns without a plural or other suffix are not marked.
|-
! [[Accusative case|Accusative]]
| {{fs interlinear|lang=as|-(অ)ক, −|-(o)k, −|}}
| {{fs interlinear|lang=as|শিয়ালটোৱে শহাটো'''ক''' খেদি আছে।|xial-tw-e xoha-tw-'''k''' khedi ase.|jackal-the-ERG hare-the-'''ACC''' chasing exist-3.PRES.CONT|The jackal is chasing the hare.}}
{{fs interlinear|lang=as|তেওঁলোকে চোৰটো পুলিচক গতালে।|tewlwk-e sür-tw- pulis-ok gotale.|they thief-the-'''ACC''' police-ACC handover-REC-3|They handed over the thief to the police.}}
|-
! [[Genitive case|Genitive]]
| {{fs interlinear|lang=as|-(অ)ৰ|-(o)r|}}
| {{fs interlinear|lang=as|তাই'''ৰ''' ঘৰ|tai-'''r''' ghor|she-'''GEN''' house|Her house}}
|-
! [[Dative case|Dative]]
| {{fs interlinear|lang=as|-(অ)লৈ [dialectal: -(অ)লে]; -(অ)ক|-(o)lói [dialectal: -(o)le]; -(o)k|}}
| {{fs interlinear|lang=as|সি পঢ়াশালি'''লৈ''' গৈ আছে।|xi porhaxali-'''lói''' gói ase.|he school-'''DAT''' going exist-3.PRES.CONT|He is going to (the) school.}}
{{fs interlinear|lang=as|বা'''ক''' চাবিটো দিয়া।|ba-'''k''' sabi-tw- dia.|{elder sister}-'''DAT''' key-the-ACC give-FAM.IMP|Give elder sister the key.}}
|-
! [[Terminative case|Terminative]]
| {{fs interlinear|lang=as|-(অ)লৈকে [dialectal: -(অ)লেকে]|-(o)lóike [dialectal: -(o)leke]|}}
| {{fs interlinear|lang=as|মই নহা'''লৈকে''' কʼতো নেযাবা।|moi n-oha-'''lóike''' kót-w ne-ja-b-a.|I not-coming-'''TERM''' where-even not-go-future-3|Don't go anywhere until I don't come.}}
{{fs interlinear|lang=as|১ৰ পৰা ৭'''লৈকে'''|1-or pora 7-'''olóike'''|one-GEN from seven-'''TERM'''|From 1 up to 7}}
|-
! [[Instrumental case|Instrumental]]
| {{fs interlinear|lang=as|-(এ)ৰে [dialectal: -(এ)দি]|-(e)re [dialectical: -(e)di]|}}
| {{fs interlinear|lang=as|কল'''মেৰে''' লিখিছিলা।|kolom-'''ere''' likhisila.|pen-'''INS''' write-2.{{gcl|DP|distant past}}|You wrote with (a) pen.}}
|-
! [[Locative case|Locative]]
| {{fs interlinear|lang=as|-(অ)ত [sometimes: -এ]|-(o)t [sometimes: -e]|}}
| {{fs interlinear|lang=as|সি বহীখন'''ত''' লিখিছে।|xi ''bóhi-khon-'''ot''''' likhise.|he ''notebook-the-'''LOC''''' write-PRES.PERF.3|He has written on the notebook.}}
{{fs interlinear|lang=as|আইতা মঙলবা'''ৰে''' আহিছিল।|aita ''moŋolbar-'''e''''' ahisil.|grandmother ''Tuesday-'''LOC''''' come-{{gcl|DP|distant past}}-3|Grandmother came on Tuesday.}}
|}

===Pronouns===
{{cleanup lang|date=June 2021}}
{| class="wikitable" style="font-size:80%"
|-
! rowspan=2 style="vertical-align:center | Number
! rowspan=2 style="vertical-align:center | Person
! rowspan=2 style="vertical-align:center | Gender
! colspan=5 | Pronouns
|-
! Absolutive<br>Ergative !! Accusative<br>Dative !! Genitive !! Locative !! Dative
|-
! ROWSPAN="5" style="font-weight:normal" | Singular
! style="vertical-align:center; font-weight:normal" | 1st
! style="vertical-align:center; font-weight:normal" | m/f ('''I''')
|moi||mwk||mwr||mwt||mwlói
|-
! style="vertical-align:center; font-weight:normal" | 2nd
! style="vertical-align:center; font-weight:normal" | m/f ('''you''')
|toi ᵛ<br>tumi ᶠ<br>apuni ᵖ||twk<br>twmak<br>apwnak||twr<br>twmar<br>apwnar||twt<br>twmat<br>apwnat||twloi<br>twmalói<br>apwnaloi
|-
! rowspan=3 style="vertical-align:center; font-weight:normal" | 3rd
! style="vertical-align:center; font-weight:normal" |m ('''he''')<br>n ('''it, that''')
|i * <br>xi **||iak<br>tak||iar<br>tar||iat<br>tat||ialoi<br>taloi
|-
! style="vertical-align:center; font-weight:normal" |f ('''she''')
|ei *<br>tai **||eik<br>taik||eir<br>tair||eit<br>tait||eilói<br>tailói
|-
! style="vertical-align:center; font-weight:normal" |n & p ('''he/she''')
|ew/ekhet(-e ᵉ) * <br>teü/tekhet(-e ᵉ) **||ewk/ekhetok<br>tewk/tekhetok||ewr/ekhetor<br>tewr/tekhetor||ewt/ekhetot<br>tewt/tekhetot||ewloi/ekhetólói<br>tewlói/tekhetólói
|-
! rowspan=4 style="font-weight:normal" | Plural
! style="vertical-align:center; font-weight:normal" |1st
! style="vertical-align:center; font-weight:normal" |m/f ('''we''')
|ami||amak||amar||amat||amalói
|-
! style="vertical-align:center; font-weight:normal" |2nd
! style="vertical-align:center; font-weight:normal" |m/f ('''you''')
|tohot(-e ᵉ) ᵛ<br>twmalwk(-e ᵉ) ᶠ<br>apwnalwk(-e ᵉ) ᵖ||tohõtok <br>twmalwkok <br> apwnalwkok||tohõtor <br>twmalwkor <br> apwnalwkor||tohõtot <br>twmalwkot <br> apwnalwkot||tohõtolói <br>twmalwkolói <br> apwnalwkolói
|-
! rowspan=2 style="vertical-align:center; font-weight:normal" |3rd
! style="vertical-align:center; font-weight:normal" |m/f ('''they''')
|ihõt *<br>ewlwk/ekhetxokol(-e ᵉ) ᵖ *<br>xihõt **<br>tewlwk/tekhetxokol(-e ᵉ) ᵖ **||ihõtok<br>xihotõk<br>ewlwkok/ekhetxokolok<br>tewlwkok/tekhetxokolok||ihõtor<br>xihotõr<br>eülwkor/ekhetxokolor<br>tewlwkor/tekhetxokolor||ihõtot<br>xihotõt<br>ewlwkot/ekhetxokolot<br>tewlwkot/tekhetxokolot||ihõtoloi<br>xihotõloi<br>ewlwkok/ekhetxokololoi<br>tewlwkoloi/tekhetxokololoi
|-
! style="vertical-align:center; font-weight:normal" | n ('''these, those''')
| eibwr(-e ᵉ) ᵛ *<br>eibilak(-e ᵉ) ᶠ *<br>eixómuh(-e ᵉ) ᵖ *<br>xeibwr(-e ᵉ) ᵛ **<br>xeibilak(-e ᵉ) ᶠ **<br>xeixómuh(-e) ᵖ **|| eibwrok<br>eibilakok<br>eixómuhok<br>xeibwrok<br>xeibilakok<br>xeixómuhok||eibwror<br>eibilakor<br>eixómuhor<br>xeibwror<br>xeibilakor<br>xeixómuhor|| eibwrot<br>eibilakot<br>eixómuhot<br>xeibwrot<br>xeibilakot<br>xeixómuhot|| eibwrolói<br>eibilakolói<br>eixómuholói<br>xeibwroloi<br>xeibilakoleó<br>xeixómuhólói
|}

m=''male'', f=''female'', n=''neuter.'', *=''the person or object is near.'', **=''the person or object is far.'', v =''very familiar, inferior'', f=''familiar'', p=''polite'', e=''ergative form''.

===Tense===
With consonant ending verb '''likh''' (write) and vowel ending verb '''kha''' (eat, drink, consume).

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center;" align="center" style="font-size:80%"
|-
!Stem
|Likh (write)
|Kha (eat, drink, consume)
|-
!Gerund
|Likh'''a'''
|kh'''üa'''
|-
!Causative
|Likh'''a'''
|kh'''üa'''
|-
!Conjugative
|Likh'''i'''
|Kha'''i''' & Kha
|-
!Infinitive
|Likh'''ibo'''
|Kha'''bo'''
|-
!Goal
|Likh'''ibólói'''
|Kha'''bólói'''
|-
!Terminative
|Likh'''ibólóike'''
|Kha'''bólóike'''
|-
!Agentive
|Likh'''ü̃ta''' <sup>np</sup>/Likh'''wra''' <sup>mi</sup>/Likh'''wri''' <sup>fi</sup>
|Kha'''wta''' <sup>np</sup>/Kha'''wra''' <sup>mi</sup>/Kha'''wri''' <sup>fi</sup>
|-
!Converb
|Likh'''ü̃te'''
|Kha'''ü̃te'''
|-
!Progressive
|Likh'''ü̃te likhü̃te'''
|Kha'''ü̃te khaü̃te'''
|-
!Reason
|Likh'''at'''
|Kh'''üat'''
|-
!
|Likh'''ilot'''
|Kha'''lot'''
|-
!Conditional
|Likh'''ile'''
|Kha'''le'''
|-
!Perfective
|Likh'''i'''
|Kha'''i'''
|-
!Habitual
|Likh'''i likhi'''
|Kha'''i khai'''
|}

For different types of verbs.
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center;" align="center" style="font-size:80%"
|-
!rowspan="2"| Tense
!rowspan="2"| Person
!colspan="2"| tho "put"
!colspan="2"| kha "consume"
!colspan="2"| pi "drink"
!colspan="2"| de "give"
!colspan="2"| dhu "wash"
!colspan="2"| kor "do"
!colspan="2"| randh "cook"
!colspan="2"| ah "come"
|-
!+
!-
!+
!-
!+
!-
!+
!-
!+
!-
!+
!-
!+
!-
!+
!-
|-
!rowspan="4"| Simple Present
!1st{{nbsp}}per.
|thoü
|nothoü
|khaü
|nakhaü ~ nekhaü
|piü
|nipiü
|diü
|nidiü
|dhüü
|nüdhüü
|korü
|nokorü
|randhü
|narandhü ~ nerandhü
|ahü
|nahü
|-
!2nd{{nbsp}}per.{{nbsp}}inf.
|thoo
|nothoo
|khao
|nakhao ~ nekhao
|pio
|nipio
|dio
|nidio
|dhüo
|nüdhüo
|koro
|nokoro
|randho
|narandho ~ nerandho
|aho
|naho
|-
!2nd{{nbsp}}per.{{nbsp}}pol.
|thüa
|nüthüa
|khüa
|nükhüa
|pia
|nipia
|dia
|nidia
|dhüa
|nüdhüa
|kora
|nokora
|randha
|narandha ~ nerandha
|aha
|naha
|-
!2nd{{nbsp}}per.{{nbsp}}hon.{{nbsp}}&{{nbsp}}3rd{{nbsp}}per.
|thoe
|nothoe
|khae
|nakhae ~ nekhae
|pie
|nipie
|die
|nidie
|dhüe
|nüdhüe
|kore
|nokore
|randhe
|narandhe ~ nerandhe
|ahe
|nahe
|-
!rowspan="4"| Present continuous
!1st per.
|thói asw
|rowspan="4"| thoi thoka nai
|khai asw
|rowspan="4"| khai thoka nai
|pi asu
|rowspan="4"| pi thoka nai
|di asw
|rowspan="4"| di thoka nai
|dhui asw
|rowspan="4"| dhui thoka nai
|kori asw
|rowspan="4"| kóri thoka nai
|randhi asw
|rowspan="4"| randhi thoka nai
|ahi asw
|rowspan="4"| ahi thoka nai
|-
!2nd{{nbsp}}per.{{nbsp}}inf.
|thoi aso
|khai aso
|pi aso
|di aso
|dhui aso
|kori aso
|randhi aso
|ahi aso
|-
!2nd{{nbsp}}per.{{nbsp}}pol.
|thoi asa
|khai asa
|pi asa
|di asa
|dhui asa
|kori asa
|randhi asa
|ahi asa
|-
!2nd{{nbsp}}per.{{nbsp}}hon.{{nbsp}}&{{nbsp}}3rd{{nbsp}}per.
|thoi ase
|khai ase
|pi ase
|di ase
|dhui ase
|kori ase
|randhi ase
|ahi ase
|-
!rowspan="4"| Present Perfect
!1st per.
|thoisw
|rowspan="4"| thwa nai
|khaisw
|rowspan="4"| khwa nai
|pisw
|rowspan="4"| pia nai
|disw
|rowspan="4"| dia nai
|dhui asw
|rowspan="4"| dhwa nai
|korisw
|rowspan="4"| kora nai
|randhisw
|rowspan="4"| rondha nai
|ahi asw
|rowspan="4"| oha nai
|-
!2nd{{nbsp}}per.{{nbsp}}inf.
|thóisó
|khaisó
|pisó
|disó
|dhuisó
|kórisó
|randhisó
|ahisó
|-
!2nd per. pol.
|thoisa
|khaisa
|pisa
|disa
|dhuisa
|korisa
|randhisa
|ahisa
|-
!2nd per. hon. & 3rd per.
|thoise
|khaise
|pise
|dise
|dhuise
|korise
|randhise
|ahise
|-
!rowspan="4"| Recent Past
!1st per.
|thölw
|nothölw
|khalw
|nakhalw ~ nekhalw
|pilw
|nipilw
|dilw
|nidilw
|dhulw
|nudhulw
|korilw
|nokórilw
|randhilw
|narandhilw ~ nerandhilw
|ahilw
|nahilw
|-
!2nd per. inf.
|thöli
|nothöli
|khali
|nakhali ~ nekhali
|pili
|nipili
|dili
|nidili
|dhuli
|nudhuli
|kórili
|nókórili
|randhili
|narandhili ~ nerandhili
|ahilw
|nahilw
|-
!2nd per. pol.
|thöla
|nothöla
|khala
|nakhala ~ nekhala
|pila
|nipila
|dila
|nidila
|dhula
|nudhula
|kórila
|nókórila
|randhila
|narandhila ~ nerandhila
|ahila
|nahila
|-
!2nd{{nbsp}}per.{{nbsp}}hon.{{nbsp}}&{{nbsp}}3rd{{nbsp}}per.
|thöle
|nothöle
|khale
|nakhale ~ nekhale
|pile
|nipile
|dile
|nidile
|dhule
|nudhule
|kórile
|nókórile
|randhile
|narandhile ~ nerandhile
|ahile / ahil<sup>tr</sup>
|nahile / nahil<sup>tr</sup>
|-
!rowspan="4"| Distant Past
!1st per.
|thoisilw
|nothoisilw ~ thwa nasilw
|khaisilw
|nakhaisilw ~ nekhaisilw ~ khwa nasilw
|pisilw
|nipisilw ~ pia nasilw
|disilw
|nidisilw ~ dia nasilw
|dhuisilw
|nudhuisilw ~ dhüa nasilw
|kórisilw
|nókórisilw ~ kora nasilw
|randhisilw
|narandhisilw ~ nerandhisilw ~ rondha nasilw
|ahisilw
|nahisilw ~ oha nasilw
|-
!2nd per. inf.
|thoisili
|nothóisili ~ thwa nasili
|khaisili
|nakhaisili ~ nekhaisili ~ khwa nasili
|pisili
|nipisili ~ pia nasili
|disili
|nidisili ~ dia nasili
|dhuisili
|nudhuisili ~ dhwa nasili
|korisili
|nokorisili ~ kora nasili
|randhisili
|narandhisili ~ nerandhisili ~ rondha nasili
|ahisili
|nahisili ~ oha nasili
|-
!2nd per. pol.
|thoisila
|nothóisila ~ thwa nasila
|khaisila
|nakhaisila ~ nekhaisila ~ khüa nasila
|pisila
|nipisila ~ pia nasila
|disila
|nidisila ~ dia nasila
|dhuisila
|nudhuisila ~ dhwa nasila
|korisila
|nokorisila ~ kora nasila
|randhisila
|narandhisila ~ nerandhisila ~ rondha nasila
|ahisila
|nahisila ~ oha nasila
|-
!2nd per. hon. & 3rd per.
|thoisile
|nothoisile ~ thwa nasile
|khaisile
|nakhaisile ~ nekhaisile ~ khwa nasile
|pisile
|nipisile ~ pia nasile
|disile
|nidisile ~ dia nasile
|dhuisile
|nudhuisile ~ dhüa nasile
|korisile
|nokorisile ~ kora nasile
|randhisile
|narandhisile ~ nerandhisile ~ rondha nasile
|ahisile
|nahisile ~ oha nasile
|-
|-
!rowspan="4"| Past continuous
!1st per.
|thoi asilw
|thoi thoka nasilw
|khai asilw
|khai thoka nasilw
|pi asilw
|pi thoka nasilw
|di asilw
|di thoka nasilw
|dhui asils
|dhui thoka nasils
|kori asils
|kori thoka nasils
|randhi asils
|randhi thoka nasils
|ahi asils
|ahi thoka nasils
|-
!2nd per. inf.
|thoi asili
|thoi thoka nasili
|khai asili
|khai thoka nasili
|pi asili
|pi thoka nasili
|di asili
|di thoka nasili
|dhui asili
|dhui thoka nasili
|kori asili
|kori thoka nasili
|randhi asili
|randhi thoka nasili
|ahi asili
|ahi thoka nasili
|-
!2nd per. pol.
|thoi asila
|thoi thoka nasila
|khai asila
|khai thoka nasila
|pi asila
|pi thoka nasila
|di asila
|di thoka nasila
|dhui asila
|dhui thoka nasila
|kori asila
|kori thoka nasila
|randhi asila
|randhi thoka nasila
|ahi asila
|ahi thoka nasila
|-
!2nd per. hon. & 3rd per.
|thoi asil(e)
|thoi thoka nasil(e)
|khai asil(e)
|khai thoka nasil(e)
|pi asil(e)
|pi thoka nasil(e)
|di asil(e)
|di thoka nasil(e)
|dhui asil(e)
|dhui thoka nasil(e)
|kori asil(e)
|kori thoka nasil(e)
|randhi asil(e)
|randhi thoka nasil(e)
|ahi asil{e)
|ahi thoka nasil(e)
|-
!rowspan="4"| Simple Future
!1st per.
|thöm
|nothöm
|kham
|nakham ~ nekham
|pim
|nipim
|dim
|nidim
|dhum
|nudhum
|korim
|nokorim
|randhim
|narandhim ~ nerandhim
|ahim
|nahim
|-
!2nd per. inf.
|thöbi
|nothöbi
|khabi
|nakhabi ~ nekhabi
|pibi
|nipibi
|dibi
|nidibi
|dhubi
|nudhubi
|koribi
|nokoribi
|randhibi
|narandhibi ~ nerandhibi
|ahibi
|nahibi
|-
!2nd per. pol.
|thöba
|nothöba
|khaba
|nakhaba ~ nekhaba
|piba
|nipiba
|diba
|nidiba
|dhuba
|nudhuba
|koriba
|nókóriba
|randhiba
|narandhiba ~ nerandhiba
|ahiba
|nahiba
|-
!2nd{{nbsp}}per.{{nbsp}}hon.{{nbsp}}&{{nbsp}}3rd{{nbsp}}per.
|thöbo
|nothöbo
|khabo
|nakhabo ~ nekhabo
|pibo
|nipibo
|dibo
|nidibo
|dhubo
|nudhubo
|koribo
|nokoribo
|randhibo
|narandhibo ~ nerandhibo
|ahibo
|nahibo
|-
!rowspan="4"| Future continuous
!1st per.
|thoi thakim
|thoi nathakim/nethakim
|khai thakim
|khai nathakim/nethakim
|pi thakim
|pi nathakim/nethakim
|di thakim
|di nathakim/nethakim
|dhui thakim
|dhui nathakim/nethakim
|kori thakim
|kori nathakim/nethakim
|randhi thakim
|randhi nathakim/nethakim
|ahi thakim
|ahi nathakim/nethakim
|-
!2nd per. inf.
|thoi thakibi
|thoi nathakibi/nethakibi
|khai thakibi
|khai nathakibi/nethakibi
|pi thakibi
|pi nathakibi/nethakibi
|di thakibi
|di nathakibi/nethakibi
|dhui thakibi
|dhui nathakibi/nethakibi
|kori thakibi
|kori nathakibi/nethakibi
|randhi thakibi
|randhi nathakibi/nethakibi
|ahi thakibi
|ahi nathakibi/nethakibi
|-
!2nd per. pol.
|thoi thakiba
|thoi nathakiba/nethakiba
|khai thakiba
|khai nathakiba/nethakiba
|pi thakiba
|pi nathakiba/nethakiba
|di thakiba
|di nathakiba/nethakiba
|dhui thakiba
|dhui nathakiba/nethakiba
|kori thakiba
|kori nathakiba/nethakiba
|randhi thakiba
|randhi nathakiba/nethakiba
|ahi thakiba
|ahi nathakiba/nethakiba
|-
!2nd{{nbsp}}per.{{nbsp}}hon.{{nbsp}}&{{nbsp}}3rd{{nbsp}}per.
|thoi thakibo
|thoi nathakibo/nethakibo
|khai thakibo
|khai nathakibo/nethakibo
|pi thakibo
|pi nathakibo/nethakibo
|di thakibo
|di nathakibo/nethakibo
|dhui thakibo
|dhui nathakibo/nethakibo
|kori thakibo
|kori nathakibo/nethakibo
|randhi thakibo
|randhi nathakibo/nethakibo
|ahi thakibo
|ahi nathakibo/nethakibo
|-
|}
{{font|text=The negative forms are ''n + 1st vowel of the verb + the verb''. Example: Moi porhw, Moi noporhw (I read, I do not read); Tumi khelila, Tumi nekhelila (You played, You didn't play). For verbs that start with a vowel, just the ''n-'' is added, without vowel lengthening. In some dialects if the 1st vowel is ''a'' in a verb that starts with consonant, ''ne'' is used, like, ''Moi nakhaw'' (I don't eat) is ''Moi nekhaü''. In past continuous the negative form is ''-i thoka nasil-''. In future continuous it's ''-i na(/e)thaki-''. In present continuous and present perfect, just ''-i thoka nai'' and ''-a nai''' respectively are used for all personal pronouns. Sometimes for plural pronouns, the ''-hok'' suffix is used, like ''korwhok'' (we do), ''ahilahok'' (you guys came).Content|size=small}}

===Relationship suffixes===
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center;" align="center" style="font-size:80%"
|-
! Persons !! Suffix !! Example !! English translation
|-
! 1st person
| none
| Mwr/Amar ma, bap, kokai, vai, ba, voni
| My/Our mother, father, elder-brother, younger-brother, elder-sister, younger-sister
|-
! 2nd person<br>(very familiar; inferior)
| -(e)r
| Twr/Tohõtor ma'''r''', bap'''er''', kokai'''er''', vai'''er''', ba'''r''', voni'''er'''
| Your/Your(pl) mother, father, elder-brother, younger-brother, elder-sister, younger-sister
|-
! 2nd person<br>familiar
| -(e)ra
| Twmar/Twmalwkor ma'''ra''', bap'''era''', kokai'''era''', vai'''era''', ba'''ra''', voni'''era'''
| Your/Your(pl) mother, father, elder-brother, younger-brother, elder-sister, younger-sister
|-
! 2nd person<br>formal;<br>3rd person
| -(e)k
| Apwnar/Apwnalwkor/Tar/Tair/Xihotõr/Tewr ma'''k''', bap'''ek''', kokai'''ek''', bhai'''ek''', ba'''k''', voni'''ek'''
| Your/Your(pl)/His/Her/Their/His~Her(formal) mother, father, elder-brother, younger-brother, elder-sister, younger-sister
|}

'''Kinship Terms'''

Some Assamese Kinship Terms with IPA and English Equivalents
{| class="wikitable"
!'''Sr. No.'''
!'''Assamese Word'''
!'''IPA'''
!'''English Word'''
|-
|1
|দেউতা
|/dɛuta/
|Father
|-
|2
|আই/মা
|/ai/ /mɑ/
|Mother
|-
|3
|দাদা
|/dada/
|Elder Brother
|-
|4
|ভাই
|/bhai/
|Younger Brother
|-
|5
|বাইদেউ
|/bɑɪ.dɛʊ/
|Elder Sister
|-
|6
|ভনী
|/bhɔni/
|Younger Sister
|-
|7
|পুতেক
|/putɛk/
|Son
|-
|8
|জীয়ৰী
|/ziːɔɾi/
|Daughter
|-
|9
|ককা
|/kɔka/
|Paternal Grandfather
|-
|10
|আইতা
|/aita/
|Paternal Grandmother
|-
|11
|কাকা
|/kaka/
|Uncle (Father’s younger brother)
|-
|12
|খুৰা
|/kʰuɾa/
|Uncle (Father’s elder brother)
|-
|13
|খুৰী
|/kʰuɾi/
|Aunt (Father’s brother’s wife)
|-
|14
|পেহা
|/peɦa/
|Uncle (Father’s younger sister’s husband)
|-
|15
|পেহী
|/pɛ.ɦi/
|Aunt (Father’s younger sister)
|-
|16
|কাকা
|/kɔka/
|Maternal Grandfather
|-
|17
|আইতা
|/aita/
|Maternal Grandmother
|-
|18
|মামা
|/mɑː.mɑː/
|Uncle (Mother’s brother)
|-
|19
|মামী
|/ma.mi/
|Aunt (Mother’s brother’s wife)
|-
|20
|মহা
|/mɔ.ɦaˈ/
|Uncle (Mother’s younger sister’s husband)
|-
|21
|মাহী
|/ma.ɦi/
|Aunt (Mother’s younger sister)
|-
|22
|শহুৰ
|/xoɦʊɾ/
|Father-in-law
|-
|23
|শাহু
|/xa.ɦu/
|Mother-in-law
|-
|24
|দেওৰ
|/d̪eː.ɔɾ/
|Brother-in-law (Husband’s younger brother)
|-
|25
|ননদ
|/ nɔnɔd /
|Sister-in-law (Husband’s younger sister)
|-
|26
|খুলশালি
|/K<sup>h</sup>ulxali/
|Brother-in-law (Wife’s younger brother)
|-
|27
|খুলশালি
|/K<sup>h</sup>ulxali/
|Sister-in-law (Wife’s younger sister)
|}