Editing Bystander effect (section)

=== Jane Doe of Richmond High ===
{{main|2009 Richmond High School gang rape}}
On October 24, 2009, a female student of [[Richmond High School (Richmond, California)|Richmond High School]] was gang-raped and beaten by a group of boys and men after a classmate invited her to a dark courtyard outside the school's [[Homecoming|homecoming dance]].<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.npr.org/templates/story/story.php?storyId=114287592|title=What Bystanders Do When They Witness Violence|website=NPR.org|language=en|access-date=2019-08-22}}</ref> It was reported that she was treated politely and drank brandy with the group before the assault took place, which lasted two and a half hours before a young woman notified the police.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.nbcnews.com/id/wbna33499936|title=Police: Up to 20 people witnessed gang rape|via=[[Associated Press]]|first=Noah |last=Berger |date=28 October 2009|website=msnbc.com|language=en|access-date=2019-08-22}}</ref> As many as 20 people witnessed the incident, with several reportedly cheering and videotaping it.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://abcnews.go.com/Health/MindMoodNews/bystanders-teen-raped/story?id=8948465|title=How Could People Watch Rape 'Like an Exhibit'?|website=ABC News|language=en|access-date=2019-08-22}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://richmondconfidential.org/2009/11/05/knowledge-not-emotion-stops-rape/|title=Knowledge – not emotion – stops rape|date=2009-11-05|website=Richmond Confidential|language=en-US|access-date=2019-08-22}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.salon.com/2009/10/30/richmond_rape/|title=Blaming the gang rape victim|date=2009-10-30|website=Salon|language=en|access-date=2019-08-22}}</ref> She was hospitalised for scrapes and bruises all over her face and body, and later sustained scars from cigarette burns on her back, as well as hips that regularly pop out of place. The case drew nationwide outrage.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.mercurynews.com/2013/06/17/richmond-high-gang-rape-victim-takes-the-stand/|title=Richmond High gang rape victim takes the stand|date=2013-06-17|website=The Mercury News|language=en-US|access-date=2019-08-22}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.sfgate.com/crime/article/Richmond-gang-rape-victim-takes-stand-4605649.php|title=Richmond gang-rape victim takes stand|last=Lee|first=Henry K.|date=2013-06-17|website=SFGate|access-date=2019-08-22}}</ref>