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Cachexia
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===Exercise=== Regular physical exercise is recommended for the treatment of cachexia because of its positive effects on muscle function.<ref name="setiawan-2023" /> Exercise can reduce protein breakdown, improve muscle strength, decrease inflammation, and enhance metabolism.<ref name="setiawan-2023" /> However, its effectiveness in cancer patients - especially those who are frail or have sarcopenia - remains uncertain.<ref name="setiawan-2023" /><ref name="pmid33735441">{{cite journal | vauthors = Grande AJ, Silva V, Sawaris Neto L, Teixeira Basmage JP, Peccin MS, Maddocks M | title = Exercise for cancer cachexia in adults | journal = The Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews | volume = 2021 | issue = 3| pages = CD010804 | date = March 2021 | pmid = 33735441 | doi = 10.1002/14651858.CD010804.pub3|pmc=8094916 }}</ref> Many people with cachexia also avoid exercise because they lack motivation or fear that it will worsen their symptoms.<ref name="pmid28758698">{{cite journal | vauthors = Wasley D, Gale N, Roberts S, Backx K, Nelson A, van Deursen R, Byrne A | title = Patients with established cancer cachexia lack the motivation and self-efficacy to undertake regular structured exercise | journal = Psycho-Oncology | volume = 27 | issue = 2 | pages = 458β464 | date = February 2018 | pmid = 28758698 | doi = 10.1002/pon.4512 | s2cid = 206378678 | url = http://orca.cf.ac.uk/103309/1/Structured%20exercise%20and%20patients%20with%20cancer%20cachexia%20main%20document%20with%20bold%20revisions%20final17.pdf | hdl = 10369/8759 | hdl-access = free }}</ref>
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