Editing Celecoxib (section)

===Cancer prevention===
The use of celecoxib to reduce the risk of [[colorectal cancer]] has been investigated, but neither celecoxib nor any other drug is indicated for this use.<ref>{{cite journal | vauthors = Rial NS, Zell JA, Cohen AM, Gerner EW | title = Clinical end points for developing pharmaceuticals to manage patients with a sporadic or genetic risk of colorectal cancer | journal = [[Expert Review of Gastroenterology & Hepatology]] | volume = 6 | issue = 4 | pages = 507–17 | date = August 2012 | pmid = 22928902 | pmc = 3587976 | doi = 10.1586/egh.12.23 }}</ref> Small-scale clinical trials in very high-risk people (belonging to [[Familial adenomatous polyposis|FAP]] families) showed celecoxib can prevent polyp growth. Hence, large-scale randomized clinical trials were undertaken.<ref name="Bertagnolli">{{cite journal | vauthors = Bertagnolli MM, Eagle CJ, Zauber AG, Redston M, Solomon SD, Kim K, Tang J, Rosenstein RB, Wittes J, Corle D, Hess TM, Woloj GM, Boisserie F, Anderson WF, Viner JL, Bagheri D, Burn J, Chung DC, Dewar T, Foley TR, Hoffman N, Macrae F, Pruitt RE, Saltzman JR, Salzberg B, Sylwestrowicz T, Gordon GB, Hawk ET | title = Celecoxib for the prevention of sporadic colorectal adenomas | journal = The New England Journal of Medicine | volume = 355 | issue = 9 | pages = 873–84 | date = August 2006 | pmid = 16943400 | doi = 10.1056/NEJMoa061355 | doi-access = free }}</ref> Results show a 33 to 45% polyp recurrence reduction in people treated with celecoxib each day. However, serious cardiovascular events were significantly more frequent in the celecoxib-treated groups. Aspirin shows a similar (and possibly larger) protective effect,<ref name="Baron">{{cite journal | vauthors = Baron JA, Cole BF, Sandler RS, Haile RW, Ahnen D, Bresalier R, McKeown-Eyssen G, Summers RW, Rothstein R, Burke CA, Snover DC, Church TR, Allen JI, Beach M, Beck GJ, Bond JH, Byers T, Greenberg ER, Mandel JS, Marcon N, Mott LA, Pearson L, Saibil F, van Stolk RU | title = A randomized trial of aspirin to prevent colorectal adenomas | journal = The New England Journal of Medicine | volume = 348 | issue = 10 | pages = 891–9 | date = March 2003 | pmid = 12621133 | doi = 10.1056/NEJMoa021735 | doi-access = free }}</ref><ref name="Sandler">{{cite journal | vauthors = Sandler RS, Halabi S, Baron JA, Budinger S, Paskett E, Keresztes R, Petrelli N, [[James Pipas|Pipas JM]], Karp DD, Loprinzi CL, Steinbach G, Schilsky R | title = A randomized trial of aspirin to prevent colorectal adenomas in patients with previous colorectal cancer | journal = The New England Journal of Medicine | volume = 348 | issue = 10 | pages = 883–90 | date = March 2003 | pmid = 12621132 | doi = 10.1056/NEJMoa021633 | doi-access = free }}</ref><ref name="Bosetti">{{cite journal | vauthors = Bosetti C, Talamini R, Franceschi S, Negri E, Garavello W, La Vecchia C | title = Aspirin use and cancers of the upper aerodigestive tract | journal = British Journal of Cancer | volume = 88 | issue = 5 | pages = 672–4 | date = March 2003 | pmid = 12618872 | pmc = 2376339 | doi = 10.1038/sj.bjc.6600820 }}</ref> has demonstrated cardioprotective effects and is significantly cheaper, but no head-to-head clinical trials have compared the two drugs.