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Cloud physics
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=== Cohesion and dissolution === There are forces throughout the homosphere (which includes the troposphere, stratosphere, and mesosphere) that can impact the structural integrity of a cloud. It has been speculated that as long as the air remains saturated, the natural force of cohesion that hold the molecules of a substance together may act to keep the cloud from breaking up. However, this speculation has a logical flaw in that the water droplets in the cloud are not in contact with each other and therefore not satisfying the condition required for the intermolecular forces of cohesion to act. Dissolution of the cloud can occur when the process of adiabatic cooling ceases and upward lift of the air is replaced by [[Subsidence (atmosphere)|subsidence]]. This leads to at least some degree of adiabatic warming of the air which can result in the cloud droplets or crystals turning back into invisible water vapor.<ref name="cloud droplets">{{cite book |work=[[The Westminster Review]] |title= Constitution of Matter |year=1841|publisher=Baldwin, Cradock, and Joy|page = 43 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=-yegAAAAMAAJ&pg=RA1-PA43}}</ref> Stronger forces such as wind shear and downdrafts can impact a cloud, but these are largely confined to the troposphere where nearly all the Earth's weather takes place.<ref name="Troposphere">{{cite web |editor=UCAR Center for Science Education|title= The Troposphere β overview |year=2011 |url=http://scied.ucar.edu/shortcontent/troposphere-overview |access-date=15 January 2015}}</ref> A typical cumulus cloud weighs about 500 metric tons, or 1.1 million pounds, the weight of 100 elephants.<ref name="mentalfloss.com">{{cite web | url=http://mentalfloss.com/article/49786/how-much-does-cloud-weigh | title=How Much Does a Cloud Weigh? | website=[[Mental Floss]] | date=April 4, 2013 | access-date=February 5, 2018 | author=Soniak, Matt }}</ref>
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