Editing Creole language (section)

===Universalist approaches===
{{Further|Universal grammar}}
[[linguistic universal|Universalist]] models stress the intervention of specific general processes during the transmission of language from generation to generation and from speaker to speaker. The process invoked varies: a general tendency towards [[semantic]] [[transparency (linguistic)|transparency]], first-[[language learning]] driven by universal process, or a general process of [[discourse]] [[organization]]. [[Derek Bickerton|Bickerton's]] [[language bioprogram theory]], proposed in the 1980s, remains the main universalist theory.<ref>
See {{Harvcoltxt|Bickerton|1981}}, {{Harvcoltxt|Bickerton|1983}}, {{Harvcoltxt|Bickerton|1984}}, {{Harvcoltxt|Bickerton|1988}}, and {{Harvcoltxt|Bickerton|1991}}
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Bickerton claims that creoles are inventions of the children growing up on newly founded [[plantations]]. Around them, they only heard pidgins spoken, without enough structure to function as [[natural language]]s; and the children used their own [[innate]] linguistic capacities to transform the pidgin input into a full-fledged language. The alleged common features of all creoles would then stem from those innate abilities being universal.