Editing Data center (section)

===Greenhouse gas emissions===
In 2020, data centers (excluding cryptocurrency mining) and data transmission each used about 1% of world electricity.<ref name=":0">{{Cite web |title=Data Centres and Data Transmission Networks – Analysis |url=https://www.iea.org/reports/data-centres-and-data-transmission-networks |access-date=2022-03-06 |website=IEA |language=en-GB |archive-date=2023-07-05 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230705054839/https://www.iea.org/reports/data-centres-and-data-transmission-networks |url-status=live }}</ref> Although some of this electricity was low carbon, the [[International Energy Agency|IEA]] called for more "government and industry efforts on energy efficiency, renewables procurement and RD&D",<ref name=":0" /> as some data centers still use electricity generated by fossil fuels.<ref>{{Cite news |last=Kantor |first=Alice |date=2021-05-18 |title=Big Tech races to clean up act as cloud energy use grows |work=Financial Times |url=https://www.ft.com/content/c719f655-149c-4ce0-a7a5-18527c7776cf |archive-url=https://ghostarchive.org/archive/20221210/https://www.ft.com/content/c719f655-149c-4ce0-a7a5-18527c7776cf |archive-date=2022-12-10 |url-access=subscription |url-status=live |access-date=2022-03-06}}</ref> They also said that lifecycle emissions should be considered, that is including ''embodied'' emissions, such as in buildings.<ref name=":0" /> Data centers are estimated to have been responsible for 0.5% of US greenhouse gas emissions in 2018.<ref>{{Cite journal |last1=Siddik |first1=Md Abu Bakar |last2=Shehabi |first2=Arman |last3=Marston |first3=Landon |date=2021-05-21 |title=The environmental footprint of data centers in the United States |journal=Environmental Research Letters |language=en |volume=16 |issue=6 |pages=064017 |doi=10.1088/1748-9326/abfba1 |bibcode=2021ERL....16f4017S |s2cid=235282419 |issn=1748-9326|doi-access=free |hdl=10919/109747 |hdl-access=free }}</ref> Some Chinese companies, such as [[Tencent]], have pledged to be carbon neutral by 2030, while others such as [[Alibaba Group|Alibaba]] have been criticized by [[Greenpeace]] for not committing to become carbon neutral.<ref>{{Cite web |last=James |first=Greg |date=2022-03-01 |title=Tencent pledges to achieve carbon neutrality by 2030 |url=https://supchina.com/2022/03/01/tencent-pledges-to-achieve-carbon-neutrality-by-2030/ |access-date=2022-03-06 |website=SupChina |language=en-US |archive-date=2022-07-11 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220711133323/https://supchina.com/2022/03/01/tencent-pledges-to-achieve-carbon-neutrality-by-2030/ |url-status=dead }}</ref> Google and Microsoft now each consume more power than some fairly big countries, surpassing the consumption of more than 100 countries.<ref>{{Cite web |author1=Craig Hale |date=2024-07-15 |title=Google and Microsoft now each consume more power than some fairly big countries |url=https://www.techradar.com/pro/google-and-microsoft-now-each-consume-more-power-than-some-fairly-big-countries |access-date=2024-07-18 |website=TechRadar |language=en}}</ref>