Editing Experience (section)

=== Science ===
Closely related to the role of experience in epistemology is its role in science.<ref name="Masiello">{{cite book |last1=Masiello |first1=R. J. |title=New Catholic Encyclopedia |url=https://www.encyclopedia.com/philosophy-and-religion/philosophy/philosophy-terms-and-concepts/experience |chapter=Experience}}</ref><ref name="Sandkühler"/> It is often argued that observational experience is central to scientific experiments. The evidence obtained in this manner is then used to confirm or disconfirm scientific theories. In this way, experience acts as a neutral arbiter between competing theories.<ref name="Crupi">{{cite web |last1=Crupi |first1=Vincenzo |title=Confirmation |url=https://plato.stanford.edu/entries/confirmation/ |website=The Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy |publisher=Metaphysics Research Lab, Stanford University |access-date=13 June 2021 |date=2021}}</ref><ref name="DiFate">{{cite web |last1=DiFate |first1=Victor |title=Evidence |url=https://iep.utm.edu/evidence/ |website=Internet Encyclopedia of Philosophy |access-date=11 June 2021}}</ref><ref name="ThomasKelly">{{cite web |last1=Kelly |first1=Thomas |title=Evidence |url=https://plato.stanford.edu/entries/evidence/ |website=The Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy |publisher=Metaphysics Research Lab, Stanford University |access-date=11 June 2021 |date=2016}}</ref> For example, astronomical observations made by [[Galileo Galilei]] concerning the orbits of planets were used as evidence in the [[Copernican Revolution]], in which the traditional [[geocentric model]] was rejected in favor of the [[heliocentric model]].<ref>{{cite web |title=Copernican Revolution |url=https://www.britannica.com/topic/Copernican-Revolution |website=Encyclopedia Britannica |access-date=29 September 2021 |language=en}}</ref> One problem for this view is that it is essential for scientific evidence to be public and uncontroversial. The reason for this is that different scientists should be able to share the same evidence in order to come to an agreement about which hypothesis is correct. But experience is usually understood as a private mental state, not as a publicly observable phenomenon, thereby putting its role as scientific evidence into question.<ref name="DiFate"/><ref name="ThomasKelly"/><ref>{{cite book |last1=Gage |first1=Logan Paul |title=Objectivity and Subjectivity in Epistemology: A Defense of the Phenomenal Conception of Evidence |chapter=1. Introduction: Two Rival Conceptions of Evidence|date=2014 |publisher=Baylor University |url=https://philpapers.org/rec/GAGOAS|type=PhD Thesis }}</ref><ref name="Borchert"/>