Editing Genomics (section)

=== Epigenomics ===
{{Main|Epigenomics}}
Epigenomics is the study of the complete set of [[epigenetic]] modifications on the genetic material of a cell, known as the [[epigenome]].<ref name = "Francis_2011"/>   Epigenetic modifications are reversible modifications on a cell's DNA or histones that affect gene expression without altering the DNA sequence (Russell 2010 p.&nbsp;475).  Two of the most characterized epigenetic modifications are [[DNA methylation]] and [[Epigenetics#DNA methylation and chromatin remodeling|histone modification]].<ref>{{cite journal |last1=Gallego |first1=L.D |last2=Schneider |first2=M |last3=Mittal |first3=C |last4=Romanuska |first4=Anete |last5=Gudino Carrillo |first5=R.M |last6=Schubert |first6=T |last7=Pugh |first7=B.F |last8=Kohler |first8=A |title=Phase separation directs ubiquitination of gene-body nucleosomes |journal=Nature |date=March 2020 |volume=579 |issue=7800 |pages=592–597 |doi=10.1038/s41586-020-2097-z |pmid=32214243 |pmc=7481934 |bibcode=2020Natur.579..592G }}</ref>  Epigenetic modifications play an important role in gene expression and regulation, and are involved in numerous cellular processes such as in [[Epigenetics#Development|differentiation/development]]<ref>{{cite journal |last1=Sams |first1=K.L |last2=Mukai |first2=C |last3=Marks |first3=B.A |last4=Mittal |first4=C |last5=Demeter |first5=E.A |last6=Nelissen |first6=S |last7=Grenier |first7=J.K |last8=Tate |first8=A.E |last9=Ahmed |first9=F |last10=Coonrod |first10=S.A |title=Delayed puberty, gonadotropin abnormalities and subfertility in male Padi2/Padi4 double knockout mice |journal=Reprod Biol Endocrinol |date=October 2022 |volume=20 |issue=1 |page=150 |doi=10.1186/s12958-022-01018-w |pmid=36224627 |pmc=9555066 |doi-access=free }}</ref> and [[Epigenetics#Cancer|tumorigenesis]].<ref name = "Francis_2011"/>  The study of epigenetics on a global level has been made possible only recently through the adaptation of genomic high-throughput assays.<ref name = "Laird_2010"/>