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Smartphone
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===Other developments in the 2010s=== The first smartphone with a [[fingerprint reader]] was the [[Motorola Atrix 4G]] in 2011.<ref name="Fingerprint Scanner On Phones: History & Evolution, But Do We Really Need That?">{{cite web|url=https://www.igadgetsworld.com/fingerprint-scanner-history-evolution-but-do-we-really-need-that/|title=Fingerprint Scanner On Phones: History & Evolution, But Do We Really Need That?|date=April 17, 2016|publisher=Web cusp|access-date=March 15, 2018|archive-date=July 26, 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200726202349/https://www.igadgetsworld.com/fingerprint-scanner-history-evolution-but-do-we-really-need-that/|url-status=dead}}</ref> In September 2013, the [[iPhone 5S]] was unveiled as the first smartphone on a major U.S. carrier since the Atrix to feature this technology.<ref name="The Verge announcement">{{cite web|url=https://www.theverge.com/2013/9/10/4715372/confirmed-apple-iphone-5s-will-include-touch-id-fingerprint-scanner|title=Apple's new iPhone will read your fingerprint|website=[[The Verge]]|first=Casey|last=Newton|date=September 10, 2013|access-date=September 11, 2013}}</ref> Once again, the iPhone popularized this concept. One of the barriers of fingerprint reading amongst consumers was security concerns, however [[Apple Inc.|Apple]] was able to address these concerns by encrypting this fingerprint data onto the A7 Processor located inside the phone as well as make sure this information could not be accessed by third-party applications and is not stored in iCloud or Apple servers<ref>{{cite web |title=Touch ID: Inside the fingerprint scanner on Apple's iPhone 5s |url=https://gadgets.ndtv.com/mobiles/news/touch-id-inside-the-fingerprint-scanner-on-apples-iphone-5s-417141 |website=NDTV Gadgets 360 |date=September 11, 2013 |access-date=25 January 2021 |language=en}}</ref> In 2012, Samsung introduced the [[Galaxy S3]] (GT-i9300) with retrofittable [[wireless charging]], pop-up video playback, [[4G]]-[[LTE (telecommunication)|LTE]] variant (GT-i9305) [[quad-core]] processor. In 2013, [[Fairphone]] launched its first ''"socially ethical"'' smartphone at the [[London Design Festival]] to address concerns regarding the sourcing of materials in the manufacturing<ref name="Fair">{{cite news|title=Why is Apple so shifty about how it makes the iPhone?|url=https://www.theguardian.com/commentisfree/2013/sep/23/apple-shifty-about-making-iphone?CMP=EMCNEWEML6619I2&et_cid=50104&et_rid=7107573&Linkid=http%3a%2f%2fwww.theguardian.com%2fcommentisfree%2f2013%2fsep%2f23%2fapple-shifty-about-making-iphone|access-date=September 24, 2013|newspaper=The Guardian|date=September 23, 2013|first=George|last=Monbiot}}</ref> followed by [[Shiftphone]] in 2015.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.gruenderszene.de/allgemein/shiftphone-fairphone-deutschland-test|title=So gut ist das erste Fairphone aus Deutschland|last=Schröder|first=Horst|date=4 April 2016|website=www.gruenderszene.de|access-date=5 September 2018}}</ref> In late 2013, QSAlpha commenced production of a smartphone designed entirely around security, encryption and identity protection.<ref>{{cite web|title=Quasar IV Encrypted Ninja Smartphone Goes Into Production, Despite Indiegogo Failure|url=https://techcrunch.com/2013/10/09/quasar-iv-encrypted-ninja-smartphone-goes-into-production-despite-indiegogo-failure/?ncid=tcdaily|work=TechCrunch|publisher=Verizon Media|access-date=October 10, 2013|first=Darrell|last=Etherington|date=October 10, 2013}}</ref> In October 2013, [[Motorola Mobility]] announced [[Project Ara]], a concept for a [[modular smartphone]] platform that would allow users to customize and upgrade their phones with add-on modules that attached magnetically to a frame.<ref>{{cite web|last=Byford|first=Sam|title=Motorola reveals ambitious plan to build modular smartphones|url=https://www.theverge.com/2013/10/29/5041336/motorola-project-ara-modular-smartphones|work=The Verge|publisher=Vox Media|access-date=29 October 2013|date=29 October 2013}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|last=Musil|first=Steven|title=Motorola unveils Project Ara for custom smartphones|url=http://news.cnet.com/8301-1035_3-57609735-94/motorola-unveils-project-ara-for-custom-smartphones/|work=CNET|publisher=CBS Interactive|access-date=29 October 2013|date=29 October 2013}}</ref> Ara was retained by Google following its sale of Motorola Mobility to [[Lenovo]],<ref name="wiredready">{{cite magazine|last1=Pierce|first1=David|title=Project Ara Lives: Google's Modular Phone Is Ready for You Now|url=https://www.wired.com/2016/05/project-ara-lives-googles-modular-phone-is-ready/|magazine=[[Wired (magazine)|Wired]]|access-date=20 May 2016}}</ref> but was shelved in 2016.<ref name="verge-cancelled">{{cite web|title=Google confirms the end of its modular Project Ara smartphone|url=https://www.theverge.com/2016/9/2/12775922/google-project-ara-modular-phone-suspended-confirm|website=The Verge|date=September 2, 2016|publisher=Vox Media|access-date=2 September 2016}}</ref> That year, LG and Motorola both unveiled smartphones featuring a limited form of modularity for accessories; the [[LG G5]] allowed accessories to be installed via the removal of its battery compartment,<ref name="ars-g5unveil">{{cite web|title=LG G5 hands-on—LG may have made the most innovative phone of MWC|url=https://arstechnica.com/gadgets/2016/02/lg-g5-hands-on-lg-may-have-made-the-most-innovative-phone-of-mwc/|website=Ars Technica|date=February 21, 2016|access-date=21 February 2016}}</ref> while the [[Moto Z]] utilizes accessories attached magnetically to the rear of the device.<ref name="cnet-motoz">{{cite web|title= Motorola's new Moto Z ditches the headphone jack, adds hot-swapping magnetic modular accessories |url= http://www.cnet.com/products/motorola-moto-z/ |website= CNET |publisher=CBS Interactive |access-date= 9 June 2016}}</ref> Microsoft, expanding upon the concept of Motorola's short-lived "Webtop", unveiled functionality for its [[Windows 10 Mobile|Windows 10 operating system for phones]] that allows supported devices to be [[Docking station|docked]] for use with a PC-styled [[desktop environment]].<ref name="time-msw10">{{cite magazine|title=Inside Microsoft's Plan to Unlock the Full Power of Your Phone|url=https://time.com/4121314/microsoft-continuum/|magazine=[[Time (magazine)|Time]]|date=November 20, 2015 |access-date=21 March 2017}}</ref><ref name=verge-displaydock>{{cite web|last1=Miller|first1=Ross|title=Microsoft's new Display Dock transforms your Windows 10 mobile into a PC|url=https://www.theverge.com/2015/10/6/9453577/microsoft-display-dock-announced-price-release-date-continuum|website=[[The Verge]]|date=October 6, 2015|publisher=[[Vox Media]]|access-date=October 6, 2015}}</ref> Samsung and LG used to be the ''"last standing"'' manufacturers to offer flagship devices with user-replaceable batteries. But in 2015, Samsung succumbed to the [[minimalism]] trend set by Apple, introducing the [[Galaxy S6]] without a user-replaceable battery. In addition, Samsung was criticised for pruning long-standing features such as [[Mobile High-Definition Link|MHL]], Micro[[USB 3.0]], [[Waterproofing|water resistance]] and [[MicroSD]] card support, of which the latter two came back in 2016 with the [[Galaxy S7]] and S7 Edge. {{As of|2015}}, the global [[median]] for smartphone ownership was 43%.<ref>{{cite news|title=This map shows the percentage of people around the world who own smartphones|url=http://www.businessinsider.com/how-many-people-own-smartphones-around-the-world-2016-2?IR=T|work=[[Business Insider]]}}</ref> [[Statista]] forecast that 2.87 billion people would own smartphones in 2020.<ref>{{cite web|title=Number of smartphone users worldwide 2014-2020 {{!}} Statista|url=https://www.statista.com/statistics/330695/number-of-smartphone-users-worldwide/|website=Statista|access-date=23 May 2017}}</ref> Within the same decade, rapid deployment of LTE cellular network and general availability of smartphones have increased popularity of the [[streaming television]] services, and the corresponding [[Mobile television|mobile TV]] apps.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2016-08-26 |title=In 4G era, app, video streaming experience key for brand loyalty: Report |url=https://www.thehindubusinessline.com/info-tech/in-4g-era-app-video-streaming-experience-key-for-brand-loyalty-report/article9035994.ece |access-date=2023-01-20 |website=www.thehindubusinessline.com |language=en}}</ref> Major technologies that began to trend in 2016 included a focus on [[virtual reality]] and [[augmented reality]] experiences catered towards smartphones, the newly introduced [[USB-C]] connector, and improving LTE technologies.<ref name="pcw-2016trends">{{cite web|title=7 exciting smartphone trends to watch in 2016: VR, super-fast LTE, and more|url=http://www.pcworld.com/article/3030317/phones/7-smartphone-trends-to-watch-this-year.html|website=PC World|date=February 5, 2016|access-date=21 March 2017}}</ref> In 2016, adjustable [[screen resolution]] known from desktop operating systems was introduced to smartphones for power saving, whereas variable screen [[refresh rate]]s were popularized in 2020.<ref>{{cite web |title=Galaxy Note 7 power saving mode lowers resolution to save battery |url=https://www.slashgear.com/galaxy-note-7-power-saving-mode-lowers-resolution-to-save-battery-03450613/ |website=SlashGear |access-date=31 October 2021 |date=3 August 2016}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |title=Samsung's adaptive refresh rate tech could be coming to a phone near you |url=https://www.androidauthority.com/samsung-display-adaptive-refresh-rate-1146678/ |website=Android Authority |access-date=31 October 2021 |date=11 August 2020}}</ref> In 2018, the first smartphones featuring fingerprint readers embedded within [[OLED]] displays were announced, followed in 2019 by an implementation using an ultrasonic sensor on the [[Samsung Galaxy S10]].<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.theverge.com/circuitbreaker/2018/1/9/16867536/vivo-fingerprint-reader-integrated-display-biometric-ces-2018|title=I tried the first phone with an in-display fingerprint sensor|work=The Verge|access-date=2018-10-04}}</ref><ref name="verge-s10unveil">{{Cite web|url=https://www.theverge.com/2019/2/20/18232248/samsung-galaxy-s10-plus-camera-price-release-date-features-size-photos-hands-on-video|title=Samsung officially announces the Galaxy S10 and S10 Plus, starting at $899|last=Seifert|first=Dan|date=2019-02-20|website=The Verge|access-date=2019-02-20}}</ref> In 2019, the majority of smartphones released have more than one camera, are waterproof with IP67 and IP68 ratings, and unlock using facial recognition or fingerprint scanners.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.telcoworld.com.au/news-blog/seven-new-smartphone-features-for-2019/|title=Seven New Smartphone Features For 2019 - TelcoWorld Corp. Melbourne Mobile Phone Repairs}}</ref> [[File:Smartphone camera controls popularized by iOS 7 (added width).svg|thumb|This layout of the camera viewfinder was first introduced by Apple with iOS 7 in 2013. Towards the late 2010s, several other smartphone vendors have ditched their layouts and implemented variations of this layout.]] Designs first implemented by Apple have been replicated by other vendors several times. These include a sealed body that does not allow replacing the battery, a lack of the physical audio connector (since the iPhone 7 from 2016), a screen with a cut-out area at the top for the earphone and front-facing camera and sensors (colloquially known as "notch"; since the iPhone X from 2017), the exclusion of a charging wall adapter from the scope of delivery (since the iPhone 12 from 2019), and a camera user interface with circular and usually solid-colour shutter button and a camera mode selector using perpendicular text and separate camera modes for photo and video (since iOS 7 from 2013).<ref>{{cite web |title=Samsung is hiding its ads that made fun of Apple's removal of headphone jack |url=https://www.androidauthority.com/samsung-headphone-jack-ads-1017246/ |website=Android Authority |access-date=17 October 2022 |language=en |date=8 August 2019}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |last1=Smith |first1=Dave |title=Apple's iPhone X introduced the 'notch' trend 2 years ago. Now, smartphone makers are trying to kill it once and for all. |url=https://www.businessinsider.com/apple-vs-the-notch-asus-oppo-xiaomi-smartphone-makers-2019-6?op=1 |website=Business Insider |access-date=17 October 2022 |date=2019-06-06}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |last1=Rosenberg |first1=Adam |title=Xiaomi ditches chargers for the Mi 11 after mocking Apple's similar move |url=https://mashable.com/article/xiaomi-ditches-charger-brick-after-mocking-apple |website=Mashable |access-date=17 October 2022 |language=en |date=26 December 2020}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |title=Xiaomi Removes Charger From Box After Mocking Apple For It |url=https://www.ndtv.com/offbeat/xiaomi-removes-charger-from-box-after-mocking-apple-for-it-2344556 |website=NDTV.com |access-date=17 October 2022 |date=2020-12-28}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |last1=Robbins |first1=Ebenezer |title=After Apple, Xiaomi and Samsung: The next mobile manufacturer falls apart |url=https://www.techgamingreport.com/after-apple-xiaomi-and-samsung-the-next-mobile-manufacturer-falls-apart/ |website=Tech Gaming Report |access-date=17 October 2022 |date=11 September 2022}}</ref><ref>c. f. camera software of Samsung since the Galaxy S10, of Huawei since the P20, of LG since the G8, since the OnePlus 6, of Xiaomi since Redmi Note 5, and of UleFone smartphones released since at least 2017 (as of 2022).</ref>
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