Editing Transdermal patch (section)

==== MNPs for cosmetic and skin care ====
Skin treatment including face whitening agent and dark eye circles serum can also incorporated in MNPs.<ref>{{Cite journal|last1=Park|first1=Kui Young|last2=Kwon|first2=Hyun Jung|last3=Youn|first3=Choon Shik|last4=Seo|first4=Seong Jun|last5=Kim|first5=Myeong Nam|date=2018|title=Treatments of Infra-Orbital Dark Circles by Various Etiologies|journal=Annals of Dermatology|volume=30|issue=5|pages=522–528|doi=10.5021/ad.2018.30.5.522|pmid=33911473 |pmc=7992473 |issn=1013-9087}}</ref> Its localized property enhance skin whitening delivery to the face area. Even a very specific spot like dark eye circles. By measuring the melanin (dark or black pigment found on the skin) index, subjects that are treated with whitening agents coated in MNPs show lower melanin index, compared to the whitening essence (topical) group. The treatment lasts for eight weeks, and the result shows MNPs might be a promising cosmetic vector because MNPs does not introduce skin irritation and can be engineered to localize or specific parts of the body.<ref>{{Cite journal|last1=Park|first1=Kui Young|last2=Kwon|first2=Hyun Jung|last3=Lee|first3=Changjin|last4=Kim|first4=Daegun|last5=Yoon|first5=Jun Jin|last6=Kim|first6=Myeong Nam|last7=Kim|first7=Beom Joon|date=2017-06-02|title=Efficacy and safety of a new microneedle patch for skin brightening: A Randomized, split-face, single-blind study|journal=Journal of Cosmetic Dermatology|volume=16|issue=3|pages=382–387|doi=10.1111/jocd.12354|pmid=28574158 |s2cid=19414988 |issn=1473-2130}}</ref>