Editing Urfa (section)

==Geography==
[[File:Göbekli Tepe - landscape.jpg|thumb|The Urfa countryside, as seen from [[Göbekli Tepe]]]]
Urfa is located at the border between the foothills of the [[Taurus Mountains]] and the great Mesopotamian plain. In general, these two regions meet "well to the south" of Urfa, but around [[Harran]] the plain extends northward, cutting into the hills. At the northwestern corner of the Harran plain, there is another extension in the plain, this time going westward. Urfa is located in this second extension of the plains, tucked behind the hills at its southern edge.<ref name="Sinclair 1990">{{cite book |last1=Sinclair |first1=T. A. |title=Eastern Turkey: An Architectural and Archaeological Survey, Volume IV |date=1990 |publisher=The Pindar Press |location=London |isbn=0-907132-52-9 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=6CMnEAAAQBAJ |access-date=20 March 2022}}</ref>{{rp|1}}

A small stream flows through Urfa.<ref name="Sinclair 1990"/>{{rp|2}} This stream is known as the [[Daisan River|Daisan]], or "leaping river", after its tendency for flooding.<ref name="Unfinished">{{cite book |last1=Purcell |first1=Bridget |editor1-last=Biehl |editor1-first=Joao |editor2-last=Locke |editor2-first=Peter |title=Unfinished: The Anthropology of Becoming |date=2017 |publisher=Duke University Press |location=United States |isbn=9780822372455 |chapter-url=https://books.google.com/books?id=Pfk9DwAAQBAJ&dq=urfa+economy&pg=PT138 |access-date=4 October 2022 |chapter=Rebellious Matter}}</ref>{{rp|136}} Today, the Daisan flows through a man-made channel that follows the north and east sides of the old walled city. Before the channel was made, though, the stream's natural course was on the west side of the old city, then it turned east.<ref name="Sinclair 1990"/>{{rp|2}} Part of the former course survives as the fish pool called Birket Ibrahim, which tradition associates with the  patriarch [[Abraham]]. To the south of the stream's old course is a spring in a cave that is now converted into a mosque.<ref name="Sinclair 1990"/>{{rp|3, 6}}

Since the 20th century, Urfa has expanded northward, across the little plain and the hill known as Şehitlik Mahallesi with blocks of flats, as well as over the escarpment to the south.<ref name="Sinclair 1990"/>{{rp|8}}

===Climate===
Urfa has a [[hot-summer Mediterranean climate]] ([[Köppen climate classification|Köppen]]: ''Csa,'' [[Trewartha climate classification|Trewartha]]: ''Cs''). During the summer months, average high temperatures often exceed {{Convert|40|C|F}} and it has one of the hottest summers in the world among places that are not in [[Desert climate|arid]] or [[Semi-arid climate|semi-arid]] regions, while rainfall is almost non-existent. Winters are cool and relatively wet, frost is common along with very sporadic snowfall. Spring and autumn are warm and moderately dry.

Highest recorded temperature: {{Convert|46.8|C|F}} on 30 July 2000<br>Lowest recorded temperature: {{Convert|-12.4|C|F}} on 9 February 1932<ref name=MGM/>

{{Weather box 
|width= auto 
|metric first= Yes 
|single line= Yes 
|location= Urfa (1991–2020, extremes 1929–2023)
|Jan record high C = 21.6
|Feb record high C = 25.5
|Mar record high C = 29.5
|Apr record high C = 36.4
|May record high C = 40.4
|Jun record high C = 44.1
|Jul record high C = 46.8
|Aug record high C = 46.2
|Sep record high C = 43.9
|Oct record high C = 37.8
|Nov record high C = 30.8
|Dec record high C = 26.0
|year record high C = 46.8
|Jan high C = 10.6
|Feb high C = 12.5
|Mar high C = 17.5
|Apr high C = 23.1
|May high C = 29.6
|Jun high C = 35.7
|Jul high C = 39.5
|Aug high C = 39.0
|Sep high C = 34.5
|Oct high C = 27.7
|Nov high C = 18.9
|Dec high C = 12.4
|year high C = 25.1
|Jan mean C = 6.2
|Feb mean C = 7.5
|Mar mean C = 11.8
|Apr mean C = 16.8
|May mean C = 22.8
|Jun mean C = 28.8
|Jul mean C = 32.6
|Aug mean C = 32.0
|Sep mean C = 27.4
|Oct mean C = 21.2
|Nov mean C = 13.1
|Dec mean C = 7.9
|year mean C = 19.0
|Jan low C = 3.0
|Feb low C = 3.6
|Mar low C = 7.0
|Apr low C = 11.3
|May low C = 16.6
|Jun low C = 21.9
|Jul low C = 25.4
|Aug low C = 25.0
|Sep low C = 20.8
|Oct low C = 15.8
|Nov low C = 8.9
|Dec low C = 4.8
|year low C = 13.7
|Jan record low C = -10.6
|Feb record low C = -12.4
|Mar record low C = -7.3
|Apr record low C = -3.2
|May record low C = 2.5
|Jun record low C = 8.3
|Jul record low C = 15.0
|Aug record low C = 16.0
|Sep record low C = 10.0
|Oct record low C = 1.9
|Nov record low C = -6.0
|Dec record low C = -6.4
|year record low C = -12.4
|precipitation colour = green
|Jan precipitation mm = 81.0
|Feb precipitation mm = 66.3
|Mar precipitation mm = 57.9
|Apr precipitation mm = 44.7
|May precipitation mm = 26.2
|Jun precipitation mm = 5.8
|Jul precipitation mm = 2.0
|Aug precipitation mm = 4.0
|Sep precipitation mm = 8.1
|Oct precipitation mm = 24.6
|Nov precipitation mm = 51.2
|Dec precipitation mm = 78.7
|year precipitation mm = 450.5
|Jan rain days = 11.57
|Feb rain days = 10.67
|Mar rain days = 9.77
|Apr rain days = 9.53
|May rain days = 7.33
|Jun rain days = 1.57
|Jul rain days = 0.4
|Aug rain days = 0.3
|Sep rain days = 1.2
|Oct rain days = 5.47
|Nov rain days = 7.17
|Dec rain days = 10.77
|year rain days = 75.8
| Jan snow days  =1.9
| Feb snow days  =1.4
| Mar snow days  =0.6
| Apr snow days  =0
| May snow days  =0
| Jun snow days  =0
| Jul snow days  =0
| Aug snow days  =0
| Sep snow days  =0
| Oct snow days  =0
| Nov snow days  =0.1
| Dec snow days  =0.7
|Jan humidity = 70.6
|Feb humidity = 66.5
|Mar humidity = 59.6
|Apr humidity = 55.5
|May humidity = 45.8
|Jun humidity = 34.6
|Jul humidity = 32.0
|Aug humidity = 36.5
|Sep humidity = 39.3
|Oct humidity = 47.3
|Nov humidity = 59.6
|Dec humidity = 70.2
|year humidity = 51.4
|Jan sun = 117.8
|Feb sun = 135.6
|Mar sun = 189.1
|Apr sun = 225.0
|May sun = 288.3
|Jun sun = 345.0
|Jul sun = 359.6
|Aug sun = 325.5
|Sep sun = 273.0
|Oct sun = 220.1
|Nov sun = 159.0
|Dec sun = 108.5
|year sun = 
|Jand sun = 3.8
|Febd sun = 4.8
|Mard sun = 6.1
|Aprd sun = 7.5
|Mayd sun = 9.3
|Jund sun = 11.5
|Juld sun = 11.6
|Augd sun = 10.5
|Sepd sun = 9.1
|Octd sun = 7.1
|Novd sun = 5.3
|Decd sun = 3.5
|yeard sun = 7.5
|source 1= Devlet Meteoroloji İşleri Genel Müdürlüğü<ref name=MGM>{{cite web
| url = https://www.mgm.gov.tr/veridegerlendirme/il-ve-ilceler-istatistik.aspx?k=H&m=SANLIURFA
| title = Resmi İstatistikler: İllerimize Ait Mevism Normalleri (1991–2020)
| publisher = Turkish State Meteorological Service
| language = tr
| access-date = 7 August 2021}}</ref>
|source 2 = [[NOAA]] (humidity, 1991-2020),<ref name=WMOCLINO>{{cite web
| url = https://www.nodc.noaa.gov/archive/arc0216/0253808/2.2/data/0-data/Region-6-WMO-Normals-9120/Turkiye/CSV/Sanliurfa_17270.csv
| title = World Meteorological Organization Climate Normals for 1991–2020
| publisher = [[NCEI|National Centers for Environmental Information]]
| access-date = 2 August 2023}}</ref> Meteomanz(snow days 2000-2023)<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.meteomanz.com/sy3?l=1&cou=6290&ind=17270&m1=01&y1=2000&m2=12&y2=2023 |title=Sanliurfa - Weather data by months |access-date=15 July 2024 |website=meteomanz}}</ref>
}}