Editing 1207 (section)

=== By place ===

==== Byzantine Empire ====
* Spring &ndash; [[Siege of Antalya|Siege of Attalia]]: Seljuk forces led by Sultan [[Kaykhusraw I]] besiege the city port of Attalia (modern-day [[Antalya]]) with siege machines. After a siege of more than 2 months, the city is captured, Kaykhusraw allows his forces 3 days of looting and slaughtering. The capture of the port gives the Seljuk Turks a major path into the [[Mediterranean Sea|Mediterranean]].
* [[September 4]] &ndash; [[Battle of Messinopolis]]: Latin forces under [[Boniface I, Marquis of Montferrat|Boniface of Montferrat]] are ambushed and defeated at [[Mosynopolis|Messinopolis]]. Boniface is killed and his head is sent to [[Kaloyan of Bulgaria|Kaloyan]], ruler (''[[tsar]]'') of the [[Second Bulgarian Empire|Bulgarian Empire]]. Seeking to take advantage of the situation, Kaloyan besieges [[Thessalonica]]. In October, he dies under mysterious circumstances.<ref>John V. A. Fine, Jr. (1994). ''The Late Medieval Balkans: A Critical Survey from the Late Twelfth Century to the Ottoman Conquest'', pp. 87–91. Ann Arbor, Michigan: University of Michigan Press. {{ISBN|0-472-08260-4}}.</ref>

==== Europe ====
* [[February 2]] &ndash; [[Terra Mariana]] (or Medieval Livonia), comprising modern-day [[Estonia]] and [[Latvia]], is established as a principality of the [[Holy Roman Empire]]. During its existence there is a constant struggle over supremacy between the lands ruled by the [[Teutonic Order]], the secular German nobility, and the citizens of the [[Hanseatic League|Hanseatic]] towns of [[Riga]] and [[Tallinn|Reval]].
* Prince [[Mstislav Mstislavich]] ("the Daring") clashes with his uncle [[Rurik Rostislavich]], Grand Prince of [[Principality of Kiev|Kiev]], and is forced to surrender the town of [[Torchesk]] (a major centre of resistance against [[Cumans|Polovtsian]] raids).<ref>David Nicolle & Viacheslav Shpakovsky (2001). Osprey: Campaign Nr. 98: ''Kalka River 1223. Genghis Khan's Mongols invade Russia'', p. 19. {{ISBN|1-84176-233-4}}.</ref>
* [[Pope Innocent III]] declares for King [[Philip of Swabia]] as [[Holy Roman Emperor]], a reversal of his previous support for Philip's rival [[Otto IV, Holy Roman Emperor|Otto IV]]. 

==== England ====
* [[John, King of England]] ("Lackland") introduces the first income tax. One-thirteenth of income from rents and moveable property has to be paid. Collected locally by sheriffs and administered by the [[Exchequer]], the tax is unpopular with the English nobility and especially in the churches and monasteries, but does raise a lot of money for John, doubling his annual income for the year.
* [[May 24]] &ndash; John still refuses to accept [[Stephen Langton]] as archbishop; Innocent III threatens to place [[Kingdom of England|England]] under an [[Interdict]]. In response, John confiscates church property. Many of the English bishops of the great churches in the country flee abroad to the [[Continental Europe|Continent]].
* November &ndash; [[Leeds]], a market town in [[West Yorkshire]], receives its first charter (approximate date).

==== Asia ====
* [[Jochi]], eldest son of [[Genghis Khan]], subjugates people of the Siberian forest ([[taiga]]); the [[Uriankhai]], the [[Oirats]], the [[Barga Mongols|Barga]], the [[Khakas people|Khakas]], the [[Buryats]], and the [[Tuvans]], extending the northern border of the [[Mongol Empire]].
* [[Hōnen]] and his followers of the [[Pure Land Buddhism|Pure Land]] sect are persecuted and exiled to remote parts of [[Japan]], while a few are executed, for what the government considers heretical [[Buddhism in Japan|Buddhist]] teachings.<ref>Hywel Williams (2005). '' Cassell's Chronology of World History'', p.133. {{ISBN|0-304-35730-8}}.</ref>
* Before 1207 &ndash; Kosho writes ''Kuya Preaching'', during the [[Kamakura period]] (it is later kept at [[Rokuharamitsu-ji]] Temple in [[Kyoto]]).
* [[October 7]] &ndash; The [[Indramayu Regency]] in [[Nusantara (archipelago)|Nusantara]] is established.