Editing 1763 in science (section)

==Mathematics==
* December 23 – [[Thomas Bayes]]' solution to a problem of "inverse probability" is presented posthumously in his "[[An Essay Towards Solving a Problem in the Doctrine of Chances|Essay Towards Solving a Problem in the Doctrine of Chances]]" read by [[Richard Price]] to the [[Royal Society]],<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.york.ac.uk/depts/maths/histstat/letter.pdf|title=A Letter from the Late Reverend Mr. Thomas Bayes, F.R.S. to John Canton, M.A. and F.R.S.|format=PDF|date=1763-11-24|accessdate=2012-03-01}}</ref><ref>{{cite journal|doi=10.1098/rstl.1763.0053|journal=[[Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society]]|location=London|volume=53|year=1764|pages=370–418|url=http://www.stat.ucla.edu/history/essay.pdf|title=An Essay towards solving a Problem in the Doctrine of Chances. By the late Rev. Mr. Bayes, communicated by Mr. Price, in a letter to John Canton|last=Bayes|first=Thomas|access-date=2011-10-15|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110410085940/http://www.stat.ucla.edu/history/essay.pdf|archive-date=2011-04-10|url-status=dead|doi-access=free}} Read December 23, 1763.</ref> containing a statement of a special case of [[Bayes' theorem]].<ref>{{cite book|last=McGrayne|first=Sharon Bertsch|year=2011|title=The Theory That Would Not Die|url=https://archive.org/details/theorythatwouldn0000mcgr|url-access=registration|location=New Haven|publisher=Yale University Press|isbn=978-0-300-16969-0}}</ref>
* [[Euler's totient function]] is first published.<ref>{{cite journal|first=L.|last=Euler|url=http://eulerarchive.maa.org/pages/E271.html|title=Theoremata arithmetica nova methodo demonstrata|journal=Novi commentarii academiae scientiarum imperialis Petropolitanae|location=Saint-Petersburg|volume=8|year=1763|pages=74–104}}</ref>