Editing 1858 in science (section)

==Biology==
[[File:Charles Darwin by Maull and Polyblank, 1855-1.jpg|120px|thumb|right|[[Charles Darwin|Darwin]]]]
* [[Publication of Darwin's theory]] of [[evolution]]:
** June 18 – [[Charles Darwin]] receives papers from [[Alfred Russel Wallace]] setting out the latter's theory of [[natural selection]] which he forwards to [[Charles Lyell]].
** July 1 – Darwin and Wallace's papers on their theories of evolution, ''[[On the Tendency of Species to form Varieties; and on the Perpetuation of Varieties and Species by Natural Means of Selection]]'' (submitted with the support of Lyell and [[Joseph Dalton Hooker]]) are read by [[John Joseph Bennett]] to a meeting of the [[Linnean Society of London]]. They are first published on August 20.
* [[Sir William Herschel, 2nd Baronet|William Herschel]] initiates [[fingerprint]]ing as a means of identification, in [[Bengal]].<ref>{{cite book|first=William J.|last=Herschel|title=The Origin of Finger-Printing|publisher=Oxford University Press|year=1916|isbn=978-1-104-66225-7|url=http://galton.org/fingerprints/books/herschel/herschel-1916-origins-1up.pdf
| access-date=11 August 2011 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110725022215/http://galton.org/fingerprints/books/herschel/herschel-1916-origins-1up.pdf| archive-date=25 July 2011| url-status=live}}</ref>
* [[Rudolf Virchow]] publishes ''Die Cellularpathologie in ihrer Begründung auf physiologische und pathologische Gewebelehre: 20 Vorlesungen, gehalten während der Monate Februar, März und April 1858 im Pathologischen Institut zu Berlin''.
* [[George Bentham]]'s ''Handbook of the British flora'' is published. This will be in use (in editions edited by [[Joseph Dalton Hooker]]) for a century.