Editing 1868 in science (section)

==Chemistry==
* August 18 – The element later named as [[helium]] is first detected in the [[Emission spectrum|spectrum]] of the [[Sun]]'s [[chromosphere]] by [[French people|French]] [[astronomer]] [[Pierre Janssen|Jules Janssen]] during a total [[solar eclipse|eclipse]] in [[Guntur]], [[British Raj|India]], but assumed to be [[sodium]].<ref>{{cite journal|title=French astronomers in India during the 17th&nbsp;–19th centuries|journal=Journal of the British Astronomical Association|volume=101|issue=2|pages=95–100|bibcode=1991JBAA..101...95K|last=Kochhar|first=R. K.|year=1991}}</ref>
* October 20 – [[English people|English]] astronomer [[Norman Lockyer]] observes and names the D<sub>3</sub> [[Fraunhofer line]] in the solar spectrum and concludes that it is caused by a hitherto unidentified [[Chemical element|element]] which he later names [[helium]].<ref>{{cite book|title= The Encyclopedia of the Chemical Elements|pages=256–268|first=Clifford A.|last=Hampel|location=New York|isbn=0-442-15598-0|year=1968|publisher=Van Nostrand Reinhold}}</ref>
* [[Louis Arthur Ducos du Hauron]] [[patent]]s methods of [[color photography]].<ref>{{cite book|last=Coe|first=Brian|title=Colour Photography: the first hundred years 1840-1940|year=1978|location=London|publisher=Ash & Grant|isbn=0-904069-24-9}}</ref>