Editing 1885 in science (section)

==Biology==
* The [[genus]] ''[[Plasmodium]]'' is described by [[Ettore Marchiafava]] and Angelo Celli.
* The [[bacterium]] ''[[Escherichia coli]]'' (''E. coli'') is discovered by [[Theodor Escherich]].<ref>{{cite web|author1=Feng, P.|author2=Weagant, S.|author3=Grant, M.|title=Enumeration of ''Escherichia coli'' and the Coliform Bacteria|work=Bacteriological Analytical Manual|edition=8th|publisher=FDA/Center for Food Safety & Applied Nutrition|date=2002-09-01|url=http://www.cfsan.fda.gov/~ebam/bam-4.html|accessdate=2011-06-03|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20090519200935/http://www.cfsan.fda.gov/~ebam/bam-4.html|archivedate=2009-05-19|url-status=dead}}</ref>
* The bacterium ''[[Salmonella enterica]]'' is discovered by [[Theobald Smith]], working under [[Daniel Elmer Salmon]].<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.cfsan.fda.gov/~dms/a2z-s.html|work=FDA/CFSAN Food Safety A to Z Reference Guide|title=Salmonella|publisher=FDA/Center for Food Safety and Applied Nutrition|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090302092542/http://www.cfsan.fda.gov/~dms/a2z-s.html|archive-date=2009-03-02|date=2008-07-03|access-date=2009-02-14}}</ref>
* [[Hans Driesch]] performs a form of artificial [[cloning]] on a [[sea urchin]] embryo.<ref>{{cite book|last=Bellomo|first=Michael|title=The stem cell divide: the facts, the fiction, and the fear driving the greatest scientific, political and religious debate of our time|url=https://archive.org/details/stemcelldividefa0000bell/page/134|year=2006|publisher=Amacom|isbn=978-0-8144-0881-0|page=[https://archive.org/details/stemcelldividefa0000bell/page/134 134]|quote=. . . the popular meaning of the term 'clone' is an identical copy that has been created by some conscious design. Under this definition, the first artificially created clone was made in 1885 . . . [Footnote:] Depending on the definition used, one could argue that the experiments carried out by Hans Driesch and Hans Spemmann were not instances of true cloning, but artificial twinning.}}</ref>