Editing 1960 in science (section)

==Biology==
* February 13
** [[Max Perutz]] publishes the structure of [[hemoglobin]].<ref>{{cite journal|date=13 February 1960|journal=[[Nature (journal)|Nature]]|volume=185|issue=4711|pages=416–22|title=Structure of Hæmoglobin: A Three-Dimensional Fourier Synthesis at 5.5-Å. Resolution, Obtained by X-Ray Analysis|author=Perutz, M. F.|doi=10.1038/185416a0|bibcode = 1960Natur.185..416P|pmid=18990801|s2cid=4208282|display-authors=etal}}</ref>
** [[John Kendrew]] publishes the structure of [[myoglobin]].<ref>{{cite journal|date=13 February 1960|journal=Nature|volume=185|issue=4711|title=Structure of Myoglobin: A Three-Dimensional Fourier Synthesis at 2 Å. Resolution|pages=<!--416--> 422–7|author=Kendrew, J. C.|doi=10.1038/185422a0|pmid=18990802|bibcode=1960Natur.185..422K |s2cid=4167651|display-authors=etal}}</ref>
* March 5 – British marine biologist Sir [[Alister Hardy]] announces his [[aquatic ape hypothesis]], theorising that swimming and diving for food exerted a strong [[evolution]]ary effect partly responsible for the divergence in the [[common descent]] of humans and other [[great ape]]s.<ref>{{cite journal|last=Hardy |first=Alister |date=1960-03-17 |title=Was man more aquatic in the past? |journal=[[New Scientist]] |volume=7 |pages=642–645 |url=http://www.riverapes.com/AAH/Hardy/Hardy1960.pdf |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090326175059/http://www.riverapes.com/AAH/Hardy/Hardy1960.pdf |access-date=2013-03-05 |archive-date=2009-03-26 }}. More legible PDF at [http://s230720565.websitehome.co.uk/elainemorgan/Hardy%20Article.pdf Elaine Morgan's ''The Aquatic Ape Theory'' website] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120301065608/http://s230720565.websitehome.co.uk/elainemorgan/Hardy%20Article.pdf |date=2012-03-01 }}.</ref>
* April – [[Robin Hill (biochemist)|Robin Hill]] and Fay Bendall publish the 'Z scheme' of electron transport in [[photosynthesis]].<ref>{{cite journal|last1=Hill|first1=R.|last2=Bendall|first2=F.|doi=10.1038/186136a0|title=Function of the Two Cytochrome Components in Chloroplasts: A Working Hypothesis|journal=Nature|volume=186|issue=4719|pages=136–137|year=1960|bibcode=1960Natur.186..136H|s2cid=4225589}}</ref>
* July – [[Robert Burns Woodward]] publishes a total synthesis of [[chlorophyll]].<ref>{{cite journal|author=Woodward, R. B.|title=The Total Synthesis of Chlorophyll|journal=[[Journal of the American Chemical Society]]|volume=82|issue=14|pages=3800–3802|year=1960|doi=10.1021/ja01499a093|bibcode=1960JAChS..82.3800W |display-authors=etal}}</ref>
* July 14 – English [[primatologist]] [[Jane Goodall]] arrives at what will become [[Gombe Stream National Park]] in [[Tanganyika (territory)|Tanganyika]] to begin her groundbreaking behavioral study of [[Common chimpanzee|chimpanzee]]s in the wild.
* November 4 – At the [[Kasakela Chimpanzee Community]], Jane Goodall observes a chimpanzee using a grass stalk to extract [[termite]]s from a termite hill, the first recorded case of [[tool use by animals]].
* December 10 – The first underwater park within the United States, the [[John Pennekamp Coral Reef State Park]], is formally dedicated; it covers {{convert|178|sqmi|km2|sigfig=2}} and protects coral reefs, seagrass and mangroves inside its  boundaries.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.flkeys-diving.com/NationalMarineSanctuary/aboutNMS.html|title=Florida Keys National Marine Sanctuary site|access-date=2010-04-11|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20101017165645/http://www.flkeys-diving.com/NationalMarineSanctuary/aboutNMS.html|archive-date=2010-10-17}}</ref>
* Czech biochemist [[Emil Paleček]] discovers that [[nucleic acid]]s can be studied through [[electrochemistry]], contradicting previous assumptions that [[DNA]] molecules are too large to have electrochemical properties and allowing them to be used in the diagnosis of [[genetic disorder]]s.<ref>{{cite news|url= https://brno.idnes.cz/emil-palecek-pribeh-0o2-/brno-zpravy.aspx?c=A140303_2040735_brno-zpravy_daj|title=Na cenu čekal vědec do 83 let. V USA bych byl multimilionář, směje se|language=cs|work=[[Mladá fronta DNES]]|date=2014-03-04|access-date=2018-11-04}}</ref>
* [[Jacques Ruffié]] invents [[Blood Typing|blood typing]].
* [[Juan Oro]] finds that concentrated solutions of [[ammonium cyanide]] in water can produce the [[nucleotide]] [[adenine]].
* Four independent researchers (Sam Weiss, [[Jerard Hurwitz]], [[Audrey Stevens Niyogi|Audrey Stevens]] and J. Bonner) discover the bacterial [[RNA polymerase]] that regulates the [[polymerization]] of nucleotides under the control of [[DNA]].<ref>{{cite journal|first=Jerard|last=Hurwitz|date=December 2005|title=The Discovery of RNA Polymerase|journal=Journal of Biological Chemistry|volume=280|issue=52|pages=42477–85|pmid=16230341|doi=10.1074/jbc.X500006200|doi-access=free}}</ref>
* [[Climatron]] [[geodesic dome]] greenhouse opens at the [[Missouri Botanical Garden]] in [[St. Louis, Missouri|St. Louis]].<ref>{{cite web|title=Climatron Conservatory – History and Architecture|url=http://www.mobot.org/hort/gardens/CLhistarchit.shtml|publisher=Missouri Botanical Garden|access-date=2011-08-17}}</ref>