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2011
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===January=== <!-- There is currently consensus to exclude the shooting of Gabrielle Giffords in Tucson, Arizona. If you disagree, please discuss on the talk page--> * [[January 1]] ** [[Estonia]] officially adopts the [[Euro]] currency and becomes the 17th [[Eurozone]] country.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-europe-12098513 |title=Estonia becomes 17th member of the euro zone |work=BBC News |date=2010-12-31 |access-date=2012-05-06 |archive-date=November 7, 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191107004045/https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-europe-12098513 |url-status=live }}</ref> ** [[2011 Alexandria bombing|A bomb explodes]] as [[Coptic Christians]] in Alexandria, Egypt leave a new year service, killing 23 people. ** [[Kolavia Flight 348|Flight 348]] with 134 occupants, operated by [[Metrojet (Russian airline)|Kolavia]], catches fire while taxiing out for take-off. Three people are killed and 43 are injured, four critically, from smoke inhalation or burns. * [[January 4]] – [[Tunisia]]n street vendor [[Mohamed Bouazizi]] dies after [[Self-immolation|setting himself on fire]] a month earlier, sparking anti-government protests in Tunisia and later other [[Arab world|Arab nations]]. These protests become known collectively as the [[Arab Spring]].<ref>{{cite news |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-africa-16230190 |author=Gardner, Frank |title=Tunisia one year on: Where the Arab Spring started |date=2011-12-17 |work=BBC News |access-date=2012-01-15 |archive-date=November 20, 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181120073148/https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-africa-16230190 |url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{cite news |agency=Associated Press |date=2011-12-17 |url=https://www.cbc.ca/news/world/vegetable-seller-who-inspired-arab-spring-honoured-1.1105682 |title=Vegetable seller who inspired Arab Spring honoured |work=CBC News |access-date=2012-01-15 |archive-date=January 17, 2012 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120117125849/http://www.cbc.ca/news/world/story/2011/12/17/tunisia-anniversary-arabspring.html |url-status=live }}</ref> *[[January 5]] – [[Cyber vigilante|Internet vigilante]] group [[Anonymous (group)|Anonymous]] launches [[DoS attacks]] on [[Syrian Revolution|Syrian]], [[Tunisian Revolution|Tunisian]], [[Bahraini uprising of 2011|Bahraini]], [[Egyptian protests, 2011|Egyptian]], [[Libyan crisis|Libyan]], and [[Jordanian protests (2011-12)|Jordanian]] [[government website]]s in response to the [[Arab Spring|Arab Spring protests]].<ref>{{Cite web|last=wconeybeer|date=2011-01-08|title=Anonymous Operation Tunisia rages, US Govt grows worried|url=https://www.myce.com/piracy/anonymous-operation-tunisia-rages-on-us-govt-grows-concerned-38617/|access-date=2021-03-05|website=Myce.com|language=en-US|archive-date=November 29, 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211129222805/https://www.myce.com/piracy/anonymous-operation-tunisia-rages-on-us-govt-grows-concerned-38617/|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book|last=Olson|first=Parmy|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=ncGVPtoZPHcC|title=We Are Anonymous: Inside the Hacker World of LulzSec, Anonymous, and the Global Cyber Insurgency|date=2012-06-05|publisher=Little, Brown|isbn=978-0-316-21353-0|language=en|access-date=March 5, 2021|archive-date=March 22, 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230322060715/https://books.google.com/books?id=ncGVPtoZPHcC|url-status=live}}</ref> *[[January 7]] – A [[Bangladeshis|Bangladeshi]] teenage girl Felani Khatun, was [[Shooting of Felani Khatun|shot dead]] by the [[India|Indian]] [[Border Security Force|Border Security Force (BSF)]] on the Anantapur [[Bangladesh–India border|border area]] under [[Phulbari Upazila, Kurigram|Phulbari upazila]] in [[Kurigram District|Kurigram]]. Her body was hanging from the fence for four and half hours. Global [[List of human rights organisations|human rights organizations]], including the media, became protesters.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Roy |first=S Dilip |date=2022-01-07 |title=11 years of Felani killing: Family still waiting for justice |url=https://www.thedailystar.net/news/bangladesh/crime-justice/news/11-years-felani-killing-family-still-waiting-justice-2934311 |access-date=2025-01-14 |website=The Daily Star |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=2013-09-15 |title=BSF authorities order revision trial in Felani murder case |url=https://indianexpress.com/article/cities/kolkata/bsf-authorities-order-revision-trial-in-felani-murder-case/ |access-date=2025-01-14 |website=The Indian Express |language=en}}</ref> * [[January 9]] – [[Iran Air Flight 277]] crashes near Orumiyeh in the northeast of the country, killing 78 people. * [[January 14]] – The [[Tunisia]]n government falls after a month of increasingly violent protests; [[President of Tunisia|President]] [[Zine El Abidine Ben Ali]] flees to [[Saudi Arabia]] after 23 years in power.<ref name="autogenerated1">{{cite news|author=Wyre Davies |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-africa-12195025 |title=BBC News – Tunisia: President Zine al-Abidine Ali forced out |work=BBC News |date=December 15, 2010 |access-date=2011-01-14| archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20110115053136/http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-africa-12195025| archive-date=January 15, 2011| url-status= live}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.indybay.org/newsitems/2011/01/16/18669320.php |title=Uprising in Tunisia: People Power topples Ben Ali regime |work=Indybay |date=January 16, 2011 |access-date=2011-01-26 |archive-date=July 26, 2011 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110726181556/http://www.indybay.org/newsitems/2011/01/16/18669320.php |url-status=live }}</ref> * [[January 15]] – The result of the [[South Sudanese independence referendum, 2011]] is in favour of independence, paving the way for the creation of the new state in July.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.almanar.com.lb/newssite/NewsDetails.aspx?id=170242&language=en |title=Al-ManarTV:: South Sudan Referendum Wraps up, Khartoum Vows to Recognize Results 15/01/2011 |publisher=Almanar.com.lb |date=2011-01-15 |access-date=2011-01-31 }}{{dead link|date=June 2016|bot=medic}}{{cbignore|bot=medic}}</ref><ref>[https://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/worldnews/africaandindianocean/sudan/8246615/Sudan-referendum-whats-being-voted-on-and-what-will-happen.html ''Sudan referendum: what's being voted on and what will happen?''] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110111044247/https://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/worldnews/africaandindianocean/sudan/8246615/Sudan-referendum-whats-being-voted-on-and-what-will-happen.html |date=January 11, 2011 }} The Telegraph. January 8, 2011</ref> * [[January 24]] – 37 people are killed and more than 180 others are wounded in [[Domodedovo International Airport bombing|a bombing]] at [[Domodedovo International Airport]] in Moscow, Russia.<ref name="Ferris-Rotman">{{cite news |url=https://www.reuters.com/article/idUSTRE70N2TQ20110124 |title=Suicide bomber kills 31 at Russia's biggest airport |author=Amie Ferris-Rotman |date=January 24, 2011 |work=[[Reuters]] |access-date=2011-06-21 |archive-date=January 25, 2011 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110125181537/http://www.reuters.com/article/idUSTRE70N2TQ20110124 |url-status=live }}</ref><ref name="37deaths">{{cite news|url=http://rian.ru/society/20110224/338222803.html|script-title=ru:Число жертв теракта в Домодедово возросло до 37|agency=[[RIA Novosti]]|date=February 24, 2011|access-date=February 24, 2011|language=ru|archive-date=February 27, 2011|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110227093411/http://www.rian.ru/society/20110224/338222803.html|url-status=live}}</ref><ref name="BBC">{{cite news|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-europe-12268662|title=Moscow bombing: Carnage at Russia's Domodedovo airport|work=BBC News|author=Steve Rosenberg|date=January 24, 2011|access-date=January 24, 2011| archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20110125024514/http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-europe-12268662| archive-date=January 25, 2011| url-status= live}}</ref> * [[January 25]] – The [[2011 Egyptian revolution]] begins. * [[January 27]] – Within [[Ursa Minor]], [[H1504+65]], a [[white dwarf]] with the hottest known surface temperature in the universe at 200,000 K, was documented.<ref>{{cite journal|last=Werner|first=K.|author2=Rauch, T.|date=2011|title=UV Spectroscopy of the Hot Bare Stellar Core H1504+65 with the HST Cosmic Origins Spectrograph|journal=[[Astrophysics and Space Science]]|volume=335|issue=1|pages=121–24|doi=10.1007/s10509-011-0617-x|bibcode = 2011Ap&SS.335..121W |s2cid=116910726}}</ref> * [[January 28]] – Friday of anger (Egyptian revolution of 2011). Protestors clash with security forces which resulted in over 600 protestors estimated dead and several police stations were raided.
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