Editing Abjuration (section)

==English Commonwealth==
Near the start of the [[English Civil War]], on 18 August 1643 Parliament passed "An Ordinance for Explanation of a former Ordinance for Sequestration of Delinquents Estates with some Enlargements." The enlargements included an oath which became known as the "Oath of Abjuration":
{{Blockquote|I ..; Do abjure and renounce the [[Papal supremacy|Pope's Supremacy]] and Authority over the Catholic Church in General, and over my self in Particular; And I do believe that there is not any [[Transubstantiation]] in the Sacrament of the Lords Supper, or in the Elements of [[Sacramental bread|Bread]] and [[Sacramental wine|Wine]] after Consecration thereof, by any Person whatsoever; And I do also believe, that there is not any [[Purgatory]], Or that the consecrated [[Sacramental bread|Host]], Crucifixes, or Images, ought to be worshipped, or that any worship is due unto any of them; And I also believe that [[Salvation]] cannot be Merited by Works, and all Doctrines in affirmation of the said Points; I do abjure and renounce, without any Equivocation, Mental Reservation, or secret Evasion whatsoever, taking the words by me spoken, according to the common and usual meaning of them. So help me God.<ref>C.H. Firth, R.S. Rait (editors (1911)). ''Acts and Ordinances of the Interregnum, 1642-1660'', "August 1643: An Ordinance for Explanation of a former Ordinance for Sequestration of Delinquents Estates with some Enlargements", [http://www.british-history.ac.uk/report.aspx?compid=55851 pp. 254-260]. Date accessed: 16 March 2010</ref>}}

In 1656–7, it was reissued in what was for Catholics an even more objectionable form. Everyone was to be "adjudged a Papist" who refused this oath, and the consequent penalties began with the confiscation of two-thirds of the [[Recusancy|recusant]]'s goods, and went on to deprive him of almost every civic right.<ref name=CE-attribution>{{catholic|inline=1|wstitle=English Post-Reformation Oaths}}</ref>

The [[Catholic Encyclopaedia]] makes the point that the oath and the penalties were so severe that it stopped the efforts of the [[Gallicanism|Gallicanizing party]] among the English Catholics, who had been ready to offer forms of submission similar to the old oath of Allegiance, which was condemned anew about this time by Pope [[Innocent X]].<ref name=CE-attribution/><ref>{{CathEncy|wstitle=English Post-Reformation Oaths}} Cites Reusch, ''Index der verboten Bücher'' (Bonn, 1883)</ref>