Editing Acquaintance rape (section)

== Prevalence ==
Most [[rape]] is committed by someone the victim knows. In the United States, the [[Rape, Abuse & Incest National Network]] (RAINN) has reported that 45 percent of sexual assaults are committed by an acquaintance and an additional 25 percent by a current or former intimate partner.<ref name="Finley 2018">{{cite book |last=Finley |first=Laura |editor-last=Smith |editor-first=Merril D. |title=Encyclopedia of Rape and Sexual Violence, Volume 1 |date=2018 |publisher=ABC-CLIO |isbn=978-1-44-084489-8 |page=1 |chapter-url=https://books.google.com/books?id=7SJWDwAAQBAJ&q=%22acquaintance+rape%22 |chapter=Acquaintance rape }}</ref>

A 2004–05 study of 30 predominantly European countries by the [[United Nations Research Institute For Social Development|United Nations Research Institute]] found about half of rape victims knew their rapists, over a third by name. 17% were a colleague or boss, 16% a close friend, 11% a former partner, and 7% a current partner.<ref>{{Cite book|url = http://unicri.us/services/library_documentation/publications/icvs/publications/ICVS2004_05report.pdf|title = Criminal Victimisation in International Perspective: Key findings from the 2004-2005 ICVS and EU ICS|last = van Dijk|first = Jan|date = 2007|journal = WODC in Cooperation with the United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime (UNODC) and the United Nations Interregional Crime and Justice Research Institute (UNICRI)|access-date = 13 June 2014|isbn = 978-90-5454-965-9|pages = 77–79}}</ref> In a major 2009 [[European Commission]] study of rape cases across Europe, it was found that 67% of rapists were known to the victim, with most being a current or former partner.<ref>{{Cite book|url = http://kunskapsbanken.nck.uu.se/nckkb/nck/publik/fil/visa/197/different|title = Different systems, similar outcomes? Tracking attrition in reported rape cases across Europe|last = Lovett|first = Jo|date = 2009|journal = Child and Women Abuse Studies Unit|access-date = 13 June 2014|isbn = 978-0-9544803-9-4}}</ref>  In Europe, the most common rape location is in the home of the victim or rapist.<ref name=":1">{{Cite book|title = Defining Rape: Emerging Obligations for States under International Law? (The Raoul Wallenberg Institute Human Rights Library)|last = Eriksson|first = Maria|publisher = Martinus Nijhoff|year = 2011|isbn = 978-9004202634|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=u2nHUzZTElEC|pages = 157–158, 166}}</ref>

In the U.S., acquaintance rape frequently takes the form of [[date rape]] or [[gang rape]]. A 1987 survey of 7,000 students at 25 schools found that one in four had been a [[Crime victim|victim]] of rape or attempted rape, and 84% of those knew their attacker.<ref>{{Cite book|title = Women and the Law: Leaders, Cases, and Documents|last = Kuersten|first = Ashlyn K.|publisher = ABC-CLIO|year = 2003|isbn = 978-0874368789|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=AnKGWlZG_ncC|pages = 143–144}}</ref> The same study found that 16% of male students who admitted rape, and 10% who admitted attempting it, said they had not been acting alone. In 1985 the [[Association of American Colleges and Universities|Association of American Colleges]] published a report describing what were then called "trains", in which multiple male students rape a woman who is incapacitated by drugs or [[Alcohol (drug)|alcohol]]. In a survey of 24 documented cases of alleged college gang rapes reported in the 1980s, 13 were perpetrated by [[fraternity]] members, nine by groups of athletes, and two by men unaffiliated with a formal group.<ref name=":0" /> In a U.S. National Women's Study, 20% of rapists were described as friends, 16% as husbands, 14% as boyfriends, and 9% non-relatives such as handymen, coworkers and neighbours.<ref name=":5" />

A 1992 study of reported rapes in inner-city and suburban [[Johannesburg]], [[South Africa]] found 80% of rapes of adult women were perpetrated by strangers, often by men who abducted them at gunpoint on their way to work or broke into their houses. However, the majority of rapes of girls under 16 years of age were perpetrated by people known to them, usually family or friends, and sometimes gang members.<ref>{{Cite book|title = Violence Against Women in South Africa: State Responses to Domestic Violence and Rape|publisher = Human Rights Watch|year = 1995|isbn = 978-1564321626|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=uM6IQBcCDzoC|pages = 53}}</ref>

In [[India]], anti-rape campaigns tend to focus on "custodial rape": that is, rape of a woman by a man in a custodial position with higher status than hers, such as a landlord, policeman, or employer.<ref>{{Cite book|title = Women of India: Their Status Since the Vedic Times|last = Kumbhare|first = Arun R.|publisher = iUniverse|year = 2009|isbn = 978-1440156007|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=A2dUR4mwBBAC|pages = 136}}</ref>

A 2005 study by the World Health Institute found that in [[Ethiopia]] almost all sexual violence is perpetrated by the husband or boyfriend of the victim.<ref>{{Cite journal|url =https://www.who.int/gender/violence/who_multicountry_study/summary_report/summary_report_English2.pdf|title = WHO Multi-country Study on Women's Health and Domestic Violence against Women: Initial results on prevalence, health outcomes and women's responses|date = 2005|journal = World Health Organization|access-date = 13 June 2014}}</ref>