Editing Active learning (section)

== Teacher's characteristics in active learning ==
A study by Jerome I. Rotgans and Henk G. Schmidt showed a correlation between three teachers' characteristics and students' situational interest in an active learning classroom.

Situational interest is defined as "focused attention and an affective reaction that is triggered in the moment by environmental stimuli, which may or may not last over time" according to Hidi and Renninger.

students' situational interest is inspired by three teacher traits as represented in the study. The three traits are social congruence, subject-matter expertise, and cognitive congruence:

# When a teacher is socially congruent which means that he/she has a harmonious interaction with the student, the positive relationship allows students to express their opinions and participate without fear of making mistakes. Also, students will ask questions when the topic is not clear; as a result, they become more interested in the classroom.<ref name=":13">{{Cite journal |last=Rotgans |first=Jerome |date=2011 |title=The role of teachers in facilitating situational interest in an active-learning classroom |url=https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0742051X1000106X#preview-section-references |journal=Teaching and Teacher Education |volume=27 |issue=1 |pages=37–42|doi=10.1016/j.tate.2010.06.025 |url-access=subscription }}</ref>
# Subject-matter expertise: When a teacher is an expert and has a broad knowledge of the subject being taught, students are expected to work harder and put more effort into their work. In contrast, If a teacher is less knowledgeable, students might lose interest in learning. Moreover, expert teachers are more helpful to their students in an effective way. This trait will positively impact student's success during the active learning process.<ref name=":13" />
# Cognitive congruence: This happens when a teacher can simplify hard concepts and use simple terms, so students can easily understand the topic. The teacher guides the students in the learning process by asking questions and allowing students to share their thoughts without interruption. As a result,  students will trust their ability to learn on their own and will develop an organized way of thinking about a topic. Therefore, they will be more engaged in an active learning classroom.<ref name=":13" />