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===Building boom=== During the 18th century there was much work for eager architects and designers, as Britain experienced a boom in the building of new houses, theatres, shops, offices and factories, with towns growing rapidly due to the onset of the [[Industrial Revolution]]. The emphasis was on modernisation, with regulations being introduced to clean up the nation's streets, promoting the re-paving of roads and pavements, improving drainage and street lighting, and better fireproofing of buildings with the widespread use of brick and stone. Speculative building was rife, with some developers focussing on high speed and low cost. Sometimes, newly built houses collapsed due to poor workmanship; whilst others continually shifted on their foundations, giving rise to the phrase "things that go bump in the night", as mysterious crashes, creaks and thuds were heard by their inhabitants late at night. [[History of London|London]] experienced major expansion, with the newly built West End, which included the elegant squares of [[Mayfair]]; areas of the East End of London were also developed, such as the new terraces in [[Spitalfields]]. The cities of [[Edinburgh]], [[History of Bristol|Bristol]] and [[History of Dublin|Dublin]] were all expanded and modernised. [[History of Birmingham|Birmingham]] was described in 1791 as being the "first manufacturing town in the world". [[History of Manchester|Manchester]] and [[History of Liverpool|Liverpool]] each saw their population triple between 1760 and 1800. New towns, like [[Bath, Somerset|Bath]], were constructed around natural spas. Old medieval cities and market towns, such as [[History of York|York]] and [[Chichester]], had their buildings re-fronted with brick or stucco, plus new sash windows, to give the impression of modernity, despite the underlying structures remaining medieval.
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