Editing Alan Kay (section)

== Subsequent work ==
From 1981 to 1984, Kay was Chief Scientist at [[Atari]]. In 1984, he became an Apple Fellow. After the closure of the [[Apple Advanced Technology Group]] in 1997,<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.i-programmer.info/history/8-people/438-alan-kay.html?start=1 |title=Alan Kay |date=November 13, 2009 |work=I Programmer}}</ref> he was recruited by his friend [[Bran Ferren]], head of research and development at [[Disney]], to join [[Walt Disney Imagineering]] as a Disney Fellow. He remained there until Ferren left to start Applied Minds Inc with Imagineer [[Danny Hillis]], leading to the cessation of the Fellows program.

In 2001, Kay founded Viewpoints Research Institute, a nonprofit organization dedicated to children, learning, and advanced software development. For their first ten years, Kay and his Viewpoints group were based at Applied Minds in [[Glendale, California]], where he and Ferren worked on various projects. Kay served as president of the Institute until its closure in 2018.

In 2002 Kay joined [[HP Labs]] as a senior fellow,<ref>{{cite news |last1=Fordahl |first1=Matthew |title=Computer Pioneer Has Joined HP Labs |url=https://www.latimes.com/archives/la-xpm-2002-nov-26-fi-hp26-story.html |access-date=18 October 2022 |work=Los Angeles Times |date=26 November 2002}}</ref> departing when HP disbanded the Advanced Software Research Team on July 20, 2005.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://svextra.com/blogs/gmsv/2005/07/hp_converting_s.html |title=HP converting storied garage into recycling center |last=Paczkowski |first=John |date=July 21, 2005 |work=Good Morning Silicon Valley |publisher=Media News Group |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070626093934/http://svextra.com/blogs/gmsv/2005/07/hp_converting_s.html |archive-date=June 26, 2007}}</ref>
He has been an adjunct professor of [[computer science]] at the [[University of California, Los Angeles]], a visiting professor at [[Kyoto University]], and an adjunct professor at the [[Massachusetts Institute of Technology]] (MIT). Kay served on the advisory board of [[TTI/Vanguard]].

=== Squeak, Etoys, and Croquet ===
In December 1995, while still at Apple, Kay collaborated with many others to start the [[Open-source software|open source]] [[Squeak]] version of [[Smalltalk]]. As part of this effort, in November 1996, his team began research on what became the [[Etoys (programming language)|Etoys]] system. More recently he started, with [[David A. Smith (computer scientist)|David A. Smith]], [[David P. Reed]], [[Andreas Raab]], Rick McGeer, [[Julian Lombardi]], and [[Mark McCahill]], the [[Croquet Project]], an open-source networked 2D and 3D environment for collaborative work.

=== Tweak ===
In 2001, it became clear that the Etoy architecture in Squeak had reached its limits in what the Morphic interface infrastructure could do. [[Andreas Raab]], a researcher in Kay's group then at Hewlett-Packard, proposed defining a "script process" and providing a default scheduling mechanism that avoided several more general problems.<ref>{{cite web |last=Raab |first=Andreas |author-link=Andreas Raab |url=http://tweakproject.org/ABOUT/FAQ/OriginalTweakMemo/ |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20111002012532/http://tweakproject.org/ABOUT/FAQ/OriginalTweakMemo/ |archive-date=October 2, 2011 |title=Events, Scripts & Multiple Processes |date=July 6, 2001 |access-date=June 7, 2009}}</ref> The result was a new user interface, proposed to replace the Squeak Morphic user interface. [[Tweak programming environment|Tweak]] added mechanisms of islands, asynchronous messaging, players and costumes, language extensions, projects, and tile scripting.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://tweakproject.org/TECHNOLOGY/Whitepapers/ |title=Tweak: Whitepapers |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20111002012629/http://tweakproject.org/TECHNOLOGY/Whitepapers/ |archive-date=October 2, 2011}}</ref> Its underlying object system is [[Class (computer programming)|class-based]], but to users (during programming) it acts as if it were [[Prototype-based programming|prototype-based]]. Tweak objects are created and run in Tweak project windows.

=== The Children's Machine ===
In November 2005, at the [[World Summit on the Information Society]], the MIT research laboratories unveiled a new laptop computer for educational use around the world. It has many names, including the $100 Laptop, the [[One Laptop per Child]] program, the Children's Machine, and the [[XO-1 (laptop)|XO-1]]. The program was founded and is sustained by Kay's friend [[Nicholas Negroponte]], and is based on Kay's [[Dynabook]] ideal. Kay is a prominent co-developer of the computer, focusing on its educational software using Squeak and Etoys.

=== Reinventing programming ===
Kay has lectured extensively on the idea that the computer revolution is very new, and all of the good ideas have not been universally implemented. His lectures at the OOPSLA 1997 conference, and his ACM Turing Award talk, "The Computer Revolution Hasn't Happened Yet", were informed by his experiences with [[Sketchpad]], [[Simula]], [[Smalltalk]], and the bloated code of commercial software.

On August 31, 2006, Kay's proposal to the United States [[National Science Foundation]] (NSF) was granted, funding Viewpoints Research Institute for several years. The proposal title was "STEPS Toward the Reinvention of Programming: A compact and Practical Model of Personal Computing as a Self-exploratorium".<ref>{{cite web |last1=Kay |first1=Alan |last2=Ingalls |first2=Dan |author2-link=Dan Ingalls |last3=Ohshima |first3=Yoshiki |last4=Piumarta |first4=Ian |last5=Raab |first5=Andreas |author5-link=Andreas Raab |url=http://www.vpri.org/html/work/NSFproposal.pdf |title=Steps Toward The Reinvention of Programming – A Compact And Practical Model of Personal Computing As A Self-Exploratorium |access-date=March 23, 2013|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130508090431/http://www.vpri.org/html/work/NSFproposal.pdf|archive-date=May 8, 2013|url-status=dead}} Proposal to NSF – Granted on August 31, 2006</ref> STEPS is a [[recursive acronym]] that stands for "STEPS Toward Expressive Programming Systems". A sense of what Kay is trying to do comes from this quote, from the abstract of a seminar at Intel Research Labs, Berkeley: "The conglomeration of commercial and most open source software consumes in the neighborhood of several hundreds of millions of lines of code these days. We wonder: how small could be an understandable practical 'Model T' design that covers this functionality? 1M lines of code? 200K LOC? 100K LOC? 20K LOC?"<ref>{{Cite web |last=Kay |first=Alan |title=How Simply and Understandably Could The "Personal Computing Experience" Be Programmed? |url=http://www.intel-research.net/berkeley/viewseminarabstract.asp?index=605 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070625105727/http://www.intel-research.net/berkeley/viewseminarabstract.asp?index=605 |archive-date=June 25, 2007 |date=November 27, 2006}}</ref>
[[File:Alan Kay at the Getty Museum.jpg|thumb|right|Computer scientist Alan Kay]]