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Alice Springs
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===Traditional owners=== [[File:Alice Springs.jpg|thumb|[[Todd River]] spring, the "springs" that give the town its name|left]] The [[Arrernte people|Arrernte]] people are the [[traditional owners]] of the Alice Springs area and surrounding [[MacDonnell Ranges]].<ref>{{Cite web|title=Local Community & Culture |url=https://alicesprings.nt.gov.au/about-alice-springs/living-in-alice-springs/local-community-culture|access-date=2021-03-17|website=Alice Springs Town Council|language=en-AU}}</ref> They have lived in the area for at least 30,000 years.<ref>{{cite journal |last=Thorley |first=Peter |title=Rock-art and the archaeological record of Indigenous settlement in Central Australia |journal=Australian Aboriginal Studies |year=2004 |volume=2004 |issue=1 |pages=79β90 |url=https://link.gale.com/apps/doc/A125955412/AONE?u=googlescholar&sid=bookmark-AONE&xid=714231f7 |access-date=26 February 2023 }} </ref> The traditional name for the township area is ''Mparntwe''.<ref name="a town like mparntwe">{{cite book |last=Brooks |first=David |title=A town like Mparntwe: a guide to the dreaming tracks and sites of Alice Springs |year=2003 |publisher=Jukurrpa Books |location=Alice Springs |isbn=1-86465-045-1 |url=https://iadpress.com/shop/a-town-like-mparntwe-reprint/ |access-date=18 June 2011 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110601022559/http://iadpress.com/shop/a-town-like-mparntwe-reprint/ |archive-date=1 June 2011 |url-status=live }}</ref> Mparntwe is Arrernte for "watering place", referencing Atherreyurre,<ref>{{Cite book |last=Traynor |first=Stuart |title=Alice Springs: from singing wire to iconic outback town |publisher=Wakefield Press |year=2016 |isbn=9781743054499 |location=Mile End, SA}}</ref> a waterhole in the Todd River at Old Telegraph Station (known as Alice Springs). Mparntwe refers to the majority of the Alice Springs township, with two additional names - '''''Irlpme''''' covering the south and '''''Antulye''''' the east.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Do you know what Aboriginal land you're on today? |url=https://www.sbs.com.au/nitv/article/do-you-know-what-aboriginal-land-youre-on-today/ytff85vi1 |access-date=2023-05-01 |website=NITV |language=en}}</ref> Arrernte has been spelt in various forms, including Aranda, Arrarnta, and Arunta. There are five dialects of the [[Arrernte language]]: South-eastern, Central, Northern, Eastern and North-eastern.<ref name="austlang_c8">{{aiatsis|C8|Arrernte}}</ref> Arrernte country is rich with mountain ranges, waterholes and gorges, which create a variety of natural habitats. According to Arrernte traditional histories, the landscape was shaped by the Yeperenye, Ntyarlke, and Utnerrengatye caterpillars<ref>{{Cite web|date=2015-09-07|title=Alice Springs Aboriginal elder's bid for better understanding |url=https://www.abc.net.au/news/2015-09-07/sacred-sites-alice-springs-aboriginal-elder-leads-tours/6744524|access-date=2021-03-17|website=www.abc.net.au|language=en-AU}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|title=Sacred caterpillars plentiful after the rain - ABC (none) - Australian Broadcasting Corporation|url=https://www.abc.net.au/local/stories/2015/02/05/4174922.htm|access-date=2021-03-17|website=www.abc.net.au}}</ref> and Akngwelye or wild dogs.<ref>{{Cite web|title=NAIDOC celebrates the Wild Dog Story of Alice Springs |website =[[Alice Springs News]] |date =9 July 2016 |url=https://alicespringsnews.com.au/2016/07/09/naidoc-celebrates-the-wild-dog-story-of-alice-springs/|access-date=2021-03-17|language=en-AU}}</ref> Sites of traditional importance include [[Emily Gap|Anthwerrke]] (Emily Gap), [[Billy Goat Hill (Alice Springs)|Akeyulerre]] (Billy Goat Hill), [[Heavitree Gap|Ntaripe]] (Heavitree Gap), [[ANZAC Hill|Atnelkentyarliweke]] (ANZAC Hill) and Alhekulyele (Mt Gillen).<ref name="a town like mparntwe" />
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