Editing Alte Pinakothek (section)

=== History of the building ===
The Alte Pinakothek was the largest museum in the world and structurally and conceptually well advanced through the convenient accommodation of [[skylight]]s for the cabinets.<ref name="muenchen.de">{{Cite web |last=muenchen.de |title=Alte Pinakothek |url=http://www.muenchen.de/sehenswuerdigkeiten/orte/119226.html |access-date=2018-05-13 |website=muenchen.de |language=de}}</ref> Even the [[Neo-Renaissance]] exterior of the Pinakothek clearly stands out from the castle-like museum type common in the early 19th century. It is closely associated with the function and structure of the building as a museum. Very modern in its day, the building became exemplary for museum buildings in Germany and in Europe after its inauguration in 1836, and thus became a model for new galleries like the [[Hermitage Museum]]<ref name="muenchen.de" /> in [[Saint Petersburg]], and galleries in [[Rome]], Brussels and [[Kassel]].

King [[Ludwig I of Bavaria]] ordered [[Leo von Klenze]] to erect a new building for the gallery for the [[Wittelsbach]] collection in 1826.<ref name="www.pinakothek.de" /> Georg von Dillis, gallery inspector and close confidant of Ludwig I, influenced the project through conservation requirements and practical experience from museum operations.<ref name=":0">{{Cite web |last=Mörgenthaler |first=Pouran |date=6 May 2025 |title=Wiederaufbau der Alten Pinakothek in München |url=https://ulb-dok.uibk.ac.at/download/pdf/9581450.pdf}}</ref> The construction period lasted from 1826 to 1836.

The Alte Pinakothek is a free-standing solid building measuring 150 meters inlength, 50 meters in width, and 25 meters in height. The narrow central building is flanked to the east and west by broader wings. The one-meter-thickmasonry was faced with yellow, polished bricks. Although the south façadewas designed as the main façade, the entrance was located on the east side of the building. A gateway on the south side divided the building into two identical halves.<ref name=":1">{{Cite book |last=Bauernfeind |first=Melanie |title=Die Alte Pinakothek: Ein Museumsbau im Wandel der Zeit |publisher=Böhlau Verlag |year=2016}}</ref> After damage to the paintings occurred in 1841 due to the installed air heating system, endless discussions about the preservation of the building, along with insufficient financial means for maintenance, led to a gradual deterioration. The installation of a new heating system in 1891 improved the overall condition of the Alte Pinakothek. At the same time, the gypsum floors were replaced with parquet, and the skylights received new glazing.<ref name=":1" />  At the beginning of the 20th century, electric lighting was introduced for the first time, and isolated technical modernizations were carried out.9 During the Nazi era, the building was used for propaganda purposes - including exhibitions that were staged within ideological programs.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Alte Pinakothek |url=https://www.nsdoku.de/lexikon/artikel/alte-pinakothek-16 |access-date=2025-05-20 |website=www.nsdoku.de |language=de}}</ref> 

The museum building was severely damaged by bombing in [[World War II]]: the walls were burnt out, and a 45-meter-wide hole remained in the center. The area in front of the south façade was used as a rubble depot. After long disagreement about the viability of reconstruction, it finally began in 1952 under the direction of Hans Döllgast and was completed in 1957.<ref name=":1" /> It was reopened to the public on 7 June 1957, with President [[Theodor Heuss]] attending.<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Voss |first=Hermann |date=1957 |title=The Reopening of the Alte Pinakothek in Munich |jstor=872096 |journal=The Burlington Magazine |volume=99 |issue=654 |pages=312–313}}</ref> Director [[Ernst Buchner (curator)|Ernst Buckner]] oversaw the rebuilding project, ensuring that the building remained true to its original architecture.  The ornate, pre-war interior, including the large loggia facing the south façade in the upper floor, was not restored. In the 1990s, the building underwent a fundamental renovation and modernization under the direction of Winfried Nerdinger. Between 1994 and 1998, the climate control system was renewed in particular to meet the conservation requirements of the artworks. At the same time, new exhibition technologies were introduced, while the design of the façades and gallery halls remained unchanged.<ref name=":1" />In 2007, another comprehensive renovation concept was initiated, which included measures for energy efficiency and improvements to the indoor climate. A new wall covering was created in 2008 for the rooms on the upper floor of the Alte Pinakothek with a woven and dyed silk from Lyon. The new color scheme of green and red draws on the design of the rooms dating back to the time of construction of the Alte Pinakothek, and was predominant until the 20th century. Already for King Ludwig I and his architect Leo von Klenze, the use of a wall covering alternately in red and green represented the continuation of a tradition that dates back to the exhibition of the old masters of the late 16th century in many of the major art galleries of Europe (Florence, London, Madrid, St. Petersburg, Paris, Vienna).{{Panorama
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|alt     = Panorama of the façade
|caption = Alte Pinakothek, south façade
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