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Alveolate
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==History== The relationship of apicomplexa, dinoflagellates and ciliates had been suggested during the 1980s, and this was confirmed in the early 1990s by comparisons of ribosomal RNA sequences, most notably by Gajadhar ''et al''.<ref> {{cite journal | author = Gajadhar, A. A. | title = Ribosomal RNA sequences of ''Sarcocystis muris'', ''Theilera annulata'', and ''Crypthecodinium cohnii'' reveal evolutionary relationships among apicomplexans, dinoflagellates, and ciliates | journal = Molecular and Biochemical Parasitology | year = 1991 | volume = 45 | issue = 1 | pages = 147β153 | doi = 10.1016/0166-6851(91)90036-6 | pmid = 1904987 |display-authors=etal}}. </ref> [[Thomas Cavalier-Smith|Cavalier-Smith]] introduced the formal name Alveolata in 1991,<ref name="Cavalier-Smith, T. 1991 pp. 113-131">{{cite book |last=Cavalier-Smith |first=T. |chapter=Cell diversification in heterotrophic flagellates |pages=113β131 |editor-first=David J. |editor-last=Patterson |editor2-first=Jacob |editor2-last=Larsen |editor3=Systematics Association |title=The Biology of free-living heterotrophic flagellates |chapter-url=https://books.google.com/books?id=-JUWAQAAIAAJ |year=1991 |publisher=Oxford University Press |isbn=978-0-19-857747-8}}</ref> although at the time he considered the grouping to be a [[paraphyletic]] assemblage. Many biologists prefer the use of the colloquial name 'alveolate'.<ref>Kumar, S. & Rzhetsky, A. 1996. Evolutionary relationships of eukaryotic kingdoms. Journal of Molecular Evolution, 42: 183β193</ref>
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