Editing Anne Tyler (section)

=== Early childhood ===
The oldest of four children, she was born in [[Minneapolis]], [[Minnesota]]. Her father, Lloyd Parry Tyler, was an industrial chemist and her mother, Phyllis Mahon Tyler, a social worker.  Both her parents were [[Quakers]] who were very active with social causes in the Midwest and the South.<ref name="Bail, P. 1998">Bail, Paul (1998), ''Anne Tyler: A Critical Companion'', Westport, Connecticut:Greenwood Press.</ref> Her family lived in a succession of Quaker communities in the South until they settled in 1948 in a Quaker commune in Celo, in the mountains of North Carolina near [[Burnsville, North Carolina|Burnsville]].<ref name="Willrich, P. 1992" /><ref name= "Allardice, L 2012">{{cite news|author=Allardice, Lisa|date=April 13, 2012| url= https://www.theguardian.com/books/2012/apr/13/anne-tyler-interview|title=Anne Tyler: A Life's Work|newspaper=[[The Guardian]]|access-date=April 1, 2015}}</ref> The [[Celo Community]] settlement was populated largely by conscientious objectors and members of the liberal [[Hicksite]] branch of the Society of Friends.<ref name="kirjasto.sci.fi">{{cite web|url=http://www.kirjasto.sci.fi/atyler.htm |title=Anne Tyler |website=Books and Writers (kirjasto.sci.fi) |first=Petri |last=Liukkonen |publisher=[[Kuusankoski]] Public Library |location=Finland |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140808224149/http://www.kirjasto.sci.fi/atyler.htm |archive-date=August 8, 2014 }}</ref>  Tyler lived there from age seven through eleven and helped her parents and others care for livestock and organic farming.  While she did not attend formal public school in Celo, lessons were taught in art, carpentry, and cooking in homes and in other subjects in a tiny school house.  Her early informal training was supplemented by correspondence school.<ref name="Bail, P. 1998" /><ref name="Willrich, P. 1992">Willrich, Patricia R. (Summer, 1992) "[http://www.vqronline.org/essay/watching-through-windows-perspective-anne-tyler Watching through Windows: A Perspective on Anne Tyler]," ''The Virginia Quarterly Review,'' Charlottesville, Virginia: University of Virginia.</ref><ref name="Allardice, L 2012" /><ref name="Croft, R. 1995">Croft, Robert W. (1995), ''Anne Tyler: A bio-bibliography.'' Westport Connecticut: Greenwood Press.</ref>

Her first memory of her own creative story-telling was of crawling under the bed covers at age three and "telling myself stories in order to get to sleep at night."<ref name="Willrich, P. 1992" />  Her first book at age seven was a collection of drawings and stories about "lucky girls&nbsp;... who got to go west in covered wagons."<ref name="Willrich, P. 1992" /> Her favorite book as a child was ''[[The Little House (picture book)|The Little House]]'' by [[Virginia Lee Burton]]. Tyler acknowledges that this book, which she read many times during this period of limited access to books, had a profound influence on her, showing "how the years flowed by, people altered, and nothing could ever stay the same."<ref>{{cite news|author=Tyler, Anne|date=November 9, 1986|url= https://www.nytimes.com/books/98/04/19/specials/tyler-little.html|title=Why I Still Treasure ''The Little House''|newspaper=The New York Times|access-date=April 1, 2015}}</ref> This early perception of changes over time is a theme that reappears in many of her novels decades later, just as ''The Little House'' itself appears in her novel ''[[Dinner at the Homesick Restaurant]]''.  Tyler also describes reading ''[[Little Women]]'' 22 times as a child.<ref name="Bail, P. 1998" /> When the Tyler family left Celo after four years to move to [[Raleigh, North Carolina]], eleven-year-old Tyler had never attended public school and never used a telephone.<ref name="Willrich, P. 1992" />  This unorthodox upbringing enabled her to view "the normal world with a certain amount of distance and surprise."<ref name="Allardice, L 2004">Allardice, Lisa (January 4, 2004), "Accidental celeb", ''The Observer'', UK</ref>

Tyler felt herself to be an outsider in the public schools she attended in Raleigh, a feeling that has followed her most of her life.<ref name="Willrich, P. 1992" />  She believes that this sense of being an outsider has contributed to her becoming a writer: "I believe that any kind of setting-apart situation will do [to become a writer].  In my case, it was emerging from the commune&nbsp;... and trying to fit into the outside world."<ref name="Willrich, P. 1992" /> Despite her lack of public schooling prior to age eleven, Anne entered school academically well ahead of most of her classmates in Raleigh.  With access now to libraries, she discovered [[Eudora Welty]], [[Gabriel García Márquez]], [[F. Scott Fitzgerald]], and many others.<ref name="Bail, P. 1998" />  Eudora Welty remains one of her favorite writers, and ''The Wide Net and Other Stories'' is one of her favorite books; she has called Welty "my crowning influence."<ref name="Allardice, L 2012" /> She credits Welty with showing her that books could be about the everyday details of life, not just about major events.<ref name="Willrich, P. 1992" />  During her years at [[Needham B. Broughton High School]] in Raleigh, she was inspired and encouraged by a remarkable English teacher, Phyllis Peacock.<ref name="Bail, P. 1998" /><ref name="Morell, R. 1993">{{cite web|author=Ricki Morell |url=https://www.orlandosentinel.com/1993/01/04/teachers-legacy-a-love-of-words/ |title=Teacher's Legacy: A Love Of Words – tribunedigital-orlandosentinel |publisher=Articles.orlandosentinel.com |date=January 4, 1993 |access-date=April 1, 2015}}</ref> "Mrs. Peacock" had previously taught the writer [[Reynolds Price]], under whom Tyler would later study at [[Duke University]].  Peacock would also later teach the writer [[Armistead Maupin]].  Seven years after high school, Tyler would dedicate her first published novel to "Mrs. Peacock, for everything you've done."<ref name="Morell, R. 1993" />

When Tyler graduated from high school at age sixteen, she wanted to attend [[Swarthmore College]], a school founded in 1860 by the Hicksite branch of the Society of Friends.<ref>[http://www.swarthmore.edu/news/history/1860.html "1860 Founders and the Quaker Tradition"], Swarthmore College. {{webarchive |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120628090738/http://www.swarthmore.edu/news/history/1860.html |date=June 28, 2012 }}</ref>  However, she had won a full AB Duke scholarship<ref>{{cite web |url=http://abduke.duke.edu/ |title=Angier B. Duke &#124; Memorial Scholarship Program |publisher=Abduke.duke.edu |access-date=March 27, 2015 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150324074223/http://abduke.duke.edu/ |archive-date=March 24, 2015 }}</ref> to Duke University, and her parents pressured her to go to Duke because they needed to save money for the education of her three younger brothers.<ref name="Bail, P. 1998" /><ref name="Tyler, A. 1980">Tyler, Anne (1980), "Still Just Writing," reprinted in Sternberg, Janet (2000), ''The Writer on her Work, vol. 1'', New York: W.W. Norton, pp. 3–16.</ref>  At Duke, Tyler enrolled in [[Reynolds Price]]'s first creative writing class, which also included a future poet, [[Fred Chappell]].  Price was most impressed with the sixteen-year-old Tyler, describing her as "frighteningly mature for 16," "wide-eyed," and "an outsider."<ref name="Willrich, P. 1992" /> Years later Price would describe Tyler as "one of the best novelists alive in the world,&nbsp;... who was almost as good a writer at 16 as she is now."<ref name="Willrich, P. 1992" /><ref name="Croft, R. 1995" /> Tyler took an additional creative writing course with Price and also studied under William Blackburn, who also had taught [[William Styron]], [[Josephine Humphreys]], and [[James Applewhite]] at Duke, as well as Price and Chappell.<ref name="Croft, R. 1995" />

As a college student, Tyler had not yet determined she wanted to become a writer.  She loved painting and the visual arts.  She also was involved in the drama society in high school and at Duke, where she acted in a number of plays, playing Laura in ''[[The Glass Menagerie]]'' and Mrs. Gibbs in ''[[Our Town]]''.<ref name="Willrich, P. 1992" /><ref name="Croft, R. 1995" /><ref name="Evans, E. 1993">Evans, Elizabeth (1993), ''Anne Tyler'' New York: Twayne.</ref> She majored in Russian Literature at Duke—not English—and graduated in 1961, at age nineteen, having been inducted into [[Phi Beta Kappa]].  With her Russian Literature background she received a fellowship to graduate school in Slavic Studies at [[Columbia University]].<ref name="Croft, R. 1995" />

Living in New York City was quite an adjustment for her.  There she became somewhat addicted to riding trains and subways: "While I rode I often felt like I was&nbsp;... an enormous eye taking things in, turning them over and sorting them out&nbsp;... writing was the only way" [to express her observations].<ref name="Willrich, P. 1992" /> Tyler left Columbia graduate school after a year, having completed course work but not her master's thesis.  She returned to Duke, where she got a job in the library as a Russian bibliographer.<ref name="Bail, P. 1998" /> It was there that she met Taghi Modarressi, a resident in child psychiatry in Duke Medical School and a writer himself, and they were married a year later (1963).<ref name="Bail, P. 1998" />