Editing Anterior cingulate cortex (section)

==Tasks==
A typical task that activates the ACC involves eliciting some form of conflict within the participant that can potentially result in an error. One such task is called the [[Eriksen flanker task]] and consists of an arrow pointing to the left or right, which is flanked by two distractor arrows creating either compatible (<<<<<) or incompatible (>><>>) trials.<ref name="Botvin99">{{cite journal | vauthors = Botvinick M, Nystrom LE, Fissell K, Carter CS, Cohen JD | title = Conflict monitoring versus selection-for-action in anterior cingulate cortex | journal = Nature | volume = 402 | issue = 6758 | pages = 179–81 | date = November 1999 | pmid = 10647008 | doi = 10.1038/46035 | bibcode = 1999Natur.402..179B | s2cid = 4425726 }}</ref> Another very common conflict-inducing stimulus that activates the ACC is the [[Stroop task]], which involves naming the color ink of words that are either congruent ({{color|#ff0000|RED}} written in red) or incongruent ({{color|#0000ff|RED}} written in blue).<ref name="Pardo90">{{cite journal | vauthors = Pardo JV, Pardo PJ, Janer KW, Raichle ME | title = The anterior cingulate cortex mediates processing selection in the Stroop attentional conflict paradigm | journal = Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America | volume = 87 | issue = 1 | pages = 256–9 | date = January 1990 | pmid = 2296583 | pmc = 53241 | doi = 10.1073/pnas.87.1.256 | bibcode = 1990PNAS...87..256P | doi-access = free }}</ref> Conflict occurs because people's reading abilities interfere with their attempt to correctly name the word's ink color. A variation of this task is the ''Counting-Stroop'', during which people count either neutral stimuli ('dog' presented four times) or interfering stimuli ('three' presented four times) by pressing a button. Another version of the ''Stroop task'' named the ''Emotional Counting Stroop'' is identical to the ''Counting Stroop'' test, except that it also uses segmented or repeated emotional words such as "murder" during the interference part of the task. Thus, ACC affects decision making of a task.